Irish Lesson 103

CLEACHTADH (KLAK*-tuh);
PRACTICE WITH "IF" SENTENCES

Some of these sentences do not have two parts or clauses, but the meaning should be clear to you. Irish usage is fairly close to English in most situations calling for the conditional (an modh coinníollach).

Mura mbeadh mo mhála ann, cénáit an mbeadh séann?

Dúirt Ciaran liom go mbeadh biseach air féin.

B'fhéidir nach mbeidís i Siceágó.

B'fhéidir nach mbeidís i Siceágó, dámbeimis ann rompu (ROHM-pu).

Nach mbeadh sibh sásta, mura mbeinn ag obair amárach?

D'fhiafraigh sédíom an mbeinn ag dul abhaile taréis an cheachta (HYAHK*-tuh).

Dúirt méleis nach mbeinnábalta bheith (AW*-buhl-tuh ve) in oifig an phoist roimh (rev) a naoi a chlog.

Bheadh bróga nua agam, dámbeadh am go leor (oum goh lohr) inniu chun iad a cheannach.

Mura mbeifeátaréis bheith breoite, bheadh Seánábalta cuairt a thabhairt ort (KOO-ahrt uh HOO-irt OH-ruht) inné.

Key:If my bag weren't there, where would it be? Ciaran told me that he would get better. Perhaps they wouldn't be in Chicago. Perhaps they wouldn't be in Chicago, if we were there before them. Wouldn't you-all be satisfied if I weren't at work tomorrow? He asked me would I be going home after the lesson. I told him that I wouldn't be able to be in the post office before nine o'clock. I would have new shoes if I had time enough today to buy them. If you weren't after being sick (hadn't been sick previously), Seán would have been able to visit you yesterday.

Before beginning with the conditional forms for the other verbs beside "tá", go through this practice for "tá":

Cuir Gaeilge ar: I would be. If she were. Wouldn't they be? We would be. If you weren't. You-all wouldn't be. If I were. Would we be? If he had money. He wouldn't have money. They would be afraid. If you weren't afraid.

Key:Bheinn. Dámbeadh sí. Nach mbeidís? Bheimis. Mura mbeifeá. Níbheadh sibh. Dámbeinn. An mbeimis? Dámbeadh airgead aige. Níbheadh airgead aige. Bheadh eagla orthu. Mura mbeadh eagla ort.

Remember that each one of the above sentences is usually accompanied by another one, such as in: I would be, if you were here. Or: If you were here, I would be.

"IF" SENTENCES WITH REGULAR VERBS

All verbs can express conditions. The rules are the same as for "tá". With "má", meaning "if", and "mura", meaning "if not", the condition is one that is possible. An example: Máchuireann séan nuachtán ar an staighre, feicimé(maw* K*IR-uhn shay* un NOO-uhk*taw*n er un STEYE-re FEK-im ay*); If he puts the newspaper on the stairs, I see it.

The word "má" causes aspiration of the first consonant of the following verb, but "mura" causes eclipsis. An example: Mura gcuireann séan nuachtán ar an staighre, nífheicimé; If he doesn't put the newspaper on the stairs, I don't see it.

Several examples with "má" and "mura" for regular verbs:

Mábhriseann túé,íocfaidh túas; if you break it, you will pay for it.

Mán-ól séé, nífhaca méé; if he drank it, I didn't see it.

Mura rithimid abhaile, nífheicfimid d'athair; if we don't run home, we won't see your father.

Mádeir séésin, creidimé; if he says that, I believe him.

Note that "má" does not aspirate the "d" in "deir" and "dúirt". It causes an "n" sound to precede a verb beginning with a vowel, "a, e, i, o, u".

With the second conjugation - verbs like "imigh" - the usage is similar. For example:

Mán-imím ar a séa chlog, feicim mo chara; if I depart at six o'clock, I see my friend.

Mura mbailimid an bruscar, cuirimid sa chistiné; if we don't collect the trash, we put it in the kitchen.

"DÁ" and "MURA" WITH REGULAR VERBS

When a condition is not possible, "dá" (or "mura") with the modh coinníollach express the meaning. Learn these forms first:

chuirfinn (K*IR-hin), I would put

chuirfeá(K*IR-faw*), you would put

chuirfeadh sé(K*IR-huhk* shay*), he would put

chuirfeadh sí(shee), she would put

chuirfimis (K*IR-hi-mish), we would put

chuirfeadh sibh (shiv), you-all would put

chuirfidís (K*IR-hi-deesh), they would put

chuirfí(K*IR-fee), people would put

Note that the "f" in the forms is given its usual sound in only two cases, for "you would put" and for "people would put".

Learn these forms for "cas" now:

chasfainn (K*AHS-hin), I would turn

chasfá(K*AHS-faw*), you would turn

chasfadh sé(K*AHS-huhk* shay*), he would turn

chasfadh sí(K*AHS-huhk* shee), she would turn

chasaimis (K*AHS-hi-mish), we would turn

chasfadh sibh (shiv), you-all would turn

chasfaidís (K*AHS-hi-deesh), they would turn

chasfaí(K*AHS-fwee), people would turn

Try these practice sentences now:

Chasfainn anseo, dámbeadh a fhios agam cábhfuil sí. Mura mbeadh airgead aige, chuirfinn amaché.

Key:I would turn here, if I knew where she was. If he didn't have money, I would put him out.

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ANOTHER REPETITIVE DRILL	\|	Irish Lesson 104

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