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Text IV. Resumes and Covering Letters

When you apply for a job, most employers ask for 2 important documents:

ü A CV or resume

ü A covering letter

Your CV and letter are usually the first impression that an employer has of you. And because an employer may have hundreds of job applications to consider, you have about 15 seconds to make sure that first impression is a good one.

Your CV's job is to get you an interview. To do this, it must:

· attract

· inform

· persuade

· sell

A good CV is one of your most important tools in the search for employment.

WHAT A CV OR RESUME IS NOT

A CV is not a book.

A CV is not an obstacle.

A CV is not a tombstone.

A CV is not boring or difficult to read.

A CV is not your life story or autobiography.

A CV is not a catalogue of your personal opinions.

A CV is not a list of problems with past employers.

WHAT A CV OR RESUME IS

A CV is short.

A CV is seductive.

A CV is an important document.

A CV answers the question "Why?"

A CV is interesting and easy to read.

A CV is a list of benefits for the employer.

A CV is as much about the employer as about you.

a) Your covering letter must sell your CV.

When you send your CV to apply for a position, you should also include a short letter. This letter is called a covering letteror cover letter. A covering letter sent with a CV/resume is known as a letter of application.

Before looking at your CV, an employer usually reads your covering letter. If it is badly-written, or untidy, or difficult to read, your CV will probably go into the nearest bin. If it is well-written, attractive, easy to read and persuasive, the employer will turn to your CV.

The reader of your letter does not want to waste time on unnecessary details. You should therefore design your letter to be easy to read. It should be short, concise and relevant. It should not be too formal or complicated. Your letter should:

· confirm that you are applying for the job

· say where you learned about the job

· say why you want the job

· say why you would be a benefit to the company

· request an interview

FORMAT

In the English-speaking world, an employer would usually prefer to receive a letter of application that is word-processed (that is, produced on a computer and printed). A hand-written letter could be considered unprofessional.

Covering Letter Sample 1

Covering Letter Sample 2

b) Your CV must get you an interview

CV stands for the Latin words Curriculum Vitae, which mean: the course of one's life. A CV is also called a résumé, resumé or resume (especially in American English). Your CV is a summary of your professional/academic life until now, and it usually concentrates on your personal details, education and work experience.

Your CV's job is very simple: to get you a job interview. To do this, your CV must be:

· clear

· well-organised

· easy to read

· concise

· relevant to the job offered

You should include everything that is relevant to your employment or career and nothing that is irrelevant. There are usually 5 general headings of information to include:

· Personal details: name, address, email and telephone number (and sometimes nationality, age/date of birth and marital status)

· Objective: a headline that summarizes the job opportunity you are seeking

· Work experience: your previous employment in reverse chronological order - with most detail for your present or most recent job

· Education: details of secondary and university education - including the establishments and qualifications

· Personal interests: demonstrating that you are a balanced, responsible member of society with an interesting life outside work

Sometimes, you may need to give additional information for a particular job or because you have special qualifications.

In general, 5 or 6 headings will be enough for most resumes or CVs. However, sometimes you will want to use more headings - when applying for a particular job for which additional information is appropriate. Here is a CV layout with most of the possible headings that you can choose from.

FORMAT

a) Word-processed or hand-written?

Your CV should be word-processed, for several reasons. Firstly, in the English-speaking world a hand-written CV would be considered unprofessional. Secondly, many recruitment agencies and some employers like to electronically scan CVs. Thirdly, it will be much easier for you to update and modify your CV to target it to a specific employer.

b) How many pages?

It is usually best to limit your CV to a maximum of 2 pages. You can usually put everything you need to get an interview on 1 or 2 pages. If you put more than this, the employer has too much to read. In addition, if you put everything in the CV, you will have nothing new to say at the interview.

c) What size paper?

There are basically 2 standard paper sizes, depending on the part of the world:

· A4 (297 x 210 millimetres) - used largely in Europe, including the United Kingdom

· US Letter Size (8 1/2 x 11 inches) - used largely in the United States

d) What quality paper?

Remember that several people may read and handle your CV. It will also be an important document during your interview. Choose a good quality, fairly heavy paper so that it will remain in good condition at all times.

e) What sort of typeface?

Choose an easy-to-read typeface. Typefaces are designed for specific purposes. The standard typefaces Times New Roman or Arial are perfect for your CV. Not too small, not too large! A size of 10 or 12 point would be appropriate.

DO NOT USE ALL CAPITALS LIKE THIS! CAPITALS ARE VERY DIFFICULT TO READ AND MAY BE CONSIDERED IMPOLITE IN THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING WORLD. Do not use a lot of italic like this. Italic can also be difficult and irritating to read. Do not use a fancy typeface. It is not appropriate for a professional document.

CV Sample 1

CV Sample 2

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