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Tone Group VI.

TUNES:

1. Low Rise only.

2. Low Rise + Tail.

3. Low Pre-head + Low Rise (+ Tail).

4. (Low Pre-head +) Low Head + Low Rise (+ Tail).

STATEMENTS.

Statements with Tone Group VI invite further contribution to the conversation from the listener.

Examples:

Usually the speaker gives (and wishes to give) the impression that he is reserving judgment until he has heard more from the listener.

Examples:

Going from this guarded attitude, Tone Group VI is often used to express reproving criticism of the listener’s attitude or the general situation.

Examples:

Very common is the use of this tone group in resentful contradictions.

Examples:

Notice that the implied criticism of the listener may be because he is blaming himself too much or praising the speaker too much, when the statement sounds deprecatory.

Examples:

This tone group is also used for continuative purposes, to show that there is more to be said, as, for example, in enumerations:

_/One, | _/two, | _/three, | _/four, | _/five,

If the enumeration is completed the last item has a falling tone:

You can have _/coffee, | or _/tea, | or ^\cocoa.

In the examples below, where the tone group is again used to express incompleteness, the deprecatory attitude, absent in the simple enumeration, is present, as though the speaker were denying that his utterance contained anything very new or interesting.

Examples:

And _ııwhen I _/got ˙ there | he ^\gave it to me.

I _ııwent _/up to him | and he ^\snubbed me.

SPECIAL QUESTIONS.

When the nucleus is the interrogative word, the effect may be either of repeating the listener’s question or of asking for information to be repeated. In both cases the questioner’s tone is wondering, as though he was mildly puzzled that such a question should have been asked or that he should have been given the information he was given.

Examples:

It is fairly rare to ask any but the above repeated type of special question with Tone Group VI; any other sounds very calm but very disapproving, even menacing.

Examples:

GENERAL QUESTIONS.

Such questions almost invariably express disapproval or scepticism and should only be used where this is appropriate.

Examples:

However, question tags with Tone Group VI have no such connotation of disapproval or scepticism; nor do they merely invite confirmation of the speaker’s view, as with Tone Groups I and III; they leave the listener free to answer either Yes or No, although it will be clear that the speaker inclines to one view rather than the other.

Examples:

It’s about ^ten o’^\ clock, | _/isn’t it?

You ^didn’t feel ˙very ^\well, | _/did you?

I ^don’t ˙think you could have _\done it, | _/could you?

Notice that when the speaker says:

She’s a ^\nice _girl, | _/isn’t she?

he has probably not met the girl concerned, or at any rate not made up his mind about her niceness, since he is genuinely concerned to have the listener’s view; whereas when he says:

She’s a ^\nice _girl, | ^\isn’t she?

he almost certainly has met the girl and formed an opinion about her niceness, which he expects the listener to confirm.

The question tags will you? won’t you? would you? are commonly used after imperative forms in order to make it plain that the command is in fact a form of invitation.

Examples:

^Come and ˙sit _\down, | _/won’t you?

^Come over _\here a _minute, | _/will you?

^Make ˙mine a _\sherry, | _/would you?

Contrast this with the use of a falling tone on will you!, which strengthens and emphasizes the command.

Examples:

^Stand _\still, | _\will you!

Direct question tags, i.e. those which are in the negative when the preceding statement is in the negative, or in the affirmative when the statement is in the affirmative, always bear Tone Group VI. Such utterances are used to acknowledge something which has previously been stated, to refer back to something already established and accepted by both parties.

Examples:

When used independently, as a comment in response to a statement, the disapproving or sceptical tone is again in evidence.

Examples:

COMMANDS.

Tone Group VI is not very widely used with commands except those beginning with Don’t, when the effect is exactly the same as with statements. It is also commonly heard with a few short commands, when they constitute a rather calm warning or exhortation.

Examples:

INTERJECTIONS.

Most interjections are rarely said in this way, but some – usually short – quite commonly have this tone group; some seem to imply reserved judgment and to require more explanation from the hearer.

Examples:

Others imply calm, casual acknowledgment of a not unexpected matter.

Examples:

Assignments:

1. Listen to the recording of the “Take-Off” on the tape. Put down the script and intonation marks of the mini dialogues you hear. Figure out what types of sentences the recorded drills are and what attitude do they convey according to the tune they are pronounced with. Prepare test reading of these mini dialogues in pairs.

2. Read the following drills in pairs. Follow the intonation marked in the text. Analyse them from the point of view of their connotations.

Intonation Drills:

STATEMENTS.

QUESTIONS.

COMMANDS.

INTERJECTIONS.

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