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True (proper) GP

In structure of prosthetic groups of proper GP enter various monosaccarides and aminoderivates of them: glucoseamine, galactoseamine, neuraminic, sialic acid in various combinations and parities (ratio).

The representatives of proper (true) GP are immunoglobulins, mucins, sialoproteins, hormones, protrombin, transcortin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobine and protein of blood`s group specificity.

Mucins – proteins of slime is contained in a saliva (they provide high viscosity of one), promoting of covering of the food, in a secret of all glands of gastro-intestenal tract, respiratory ways, urinesexual system where they carry out a protective role, in slime of fish, frogs and other reptiles, where they protect a surface of body from the harmful external factors. In prosthetic groups of mucin of man enter syalic acids, acetylgalactosamine, galactose, fucose. The molecules of mucin jointing each other form structures of significant extent strongly holding water and having by significant viscosity.

The blood group substances (antigens) (BGA)

The blood group antigens are oligosaccarides of specific medical interest. Their structures studied well. In 1900 Landsteiner described the ABO blood group. Today there are more than 20 blood group systems expressing 160 distinct antigens. The most commonly studied blood groups are those of ABH (0). These erythrocyte antigens are linked to specific membran proteins by O-glycosidic bonds in which GALNAC (acettylgalactoseamine) is the most sugar residue on a structure of prosthetic group. BGA concern to propers GP, but different from them the high content of carbohydrates (85%).

The protein consist of two/third of four aminoacids: treonine, proline, serine, alanine.

Antigen activity of these proteins is determined by the following sequences of carbohydrates on the ends of carbohydrate chain – D-galactose – N acetylglucosamine – D-galactose – N – acetylgalactoseamine.

For antigen H to this sequence fucose is jointed, for antigen A – fucose and N- acetylgalactoseamine, for antigen B – fucose and galactose.

Individuals possessing both an A and a B antigens can generate both oligosaccarides

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