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The role of intestinal wall:

1) cleavage of Micelles

2) beta-MAG are used for lipogenesis (resynthesis of TAG by monoglycerol’s pathway)

3) the formation of chylomicrons

4) liponeogenesis

5) the formation of phospholipids

1 – Micelle breaks up and it results in release of bile acids and its components. Bile acids return into lumen of small intestine by 2 pathways: 1-st one is through pores of intestinal wall (1-2%); 2-nd one is entherohepatic circulation (98-99%). Entherohepatic circulation has an important role because it stipulates economy of bile acids, i.e. the same bile acids can be used some times (until 20).

2 – Lipogenesis is formation of lipids. This process occurs on monoglycerol’s pathway in intestinal wall:

3 – Chylomicrons are particles which transport TAG from intestine to another organs and tissues. They are foremed in intestinal wall and consist of 80% of TAG, 11% of Cholesterol, 7% of Phospholipids, 2% of Proteins. Phospholipids and Proteins are located in cover of chylomicron whereas TAG and Cholesterol inside of its.Chylomicrons enter the lymphatic vessels. Lymph is collected in thoracic ductus which enters the upper cava vein, heart and lungs.

The role of lungs in Lipid Metabolism

1) Lungs are barrier for Chylomicrons. It is a site of storage of Chylomicrons

2) TAG of Chylomicrons are hydrolyzed and products of hydrolysis (Glycerol and FFA) are used for energy production. Energy formed in oxidation of Glycerol and FFA is used for action of lungs and heating of inspired air

3) The synthesis of FFA is possible in lungs.

Chylomicrons pass lungs and enter the blood circulation. Mainly they are used by liver, adipose tissue and mammary glands. There is an enzyme Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) which hydrolyzes TAG of Chylomicrons and Lipoproteins to Glycerol and FFA. thIs enzyme is located on the wall of cappilaries. This process is named as intravessel's lipolysis. It results in formation of residual chylomicrons. They are used by liver and adipose tissue only.

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