The conversion of Glycerol and FFA: formation of Triacylglycerols (TAG) and Phospholipids (PhL)

Lipogenesis is a process of formation of lipids. This process is being done on Phosphatidic pathway in many organs and tissues. The process is competitive, that is in deficiency of nitrogen-containing substances and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) the TAG-formation prevails. In sufficient quantity of nitrogen-containing substances and PUFA the Phospholipids synthesis predominantly occurs. The synthesis of triglicerides occurs from phosphatidic acid. This acid is formed during the process of phosphorylation of glycerol and addition of 2 molecules of FFA. Then, the phosphate is chipped off, causing the formation of DAG. The binding of DAG with FFA yields TAG. Alternative pathway of usage of phosphatidic acid includes addition of serine (choline or ethanolamine) in participation of CTP and as a result the according phospholipids are formed.

The oxidation of Glycerol and its energetic value

Glycerol is phosphorylated, yielding glycerolphosphate. It is oxidized to phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGA). PGA is oxidized and phosphorylated to 1,3-diphosphoglycerate. Then reactions are analogues to glycolysis up to formation of pyruvic acid, including formation of 2ATP in 2 reactions of substrate phosphorylation. Pyruvic acid undergoes oxidative decarboxylation, to give acetylCoA that goes in Crebs cycle. Reduced dehydrogenases of Crebs cycle are oxidized in Biologic oxidation. It results in formation of energy and endogenous water. Some of energy is used for formation of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation. Totally, this process gives 20(22) molecules of ATP

<== попередня сторінка	\|	наступна сторінка ==>
The formation, composition, role and metabolism of lipoproteins (LP)	\|	Beta-oxidation of FFA and its energetic value

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