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Education and Training after 16

The government has stated that all young people should have access to high-quality education and training after the age of 16. They have two routes that they can follow: one based on school and college education, the other on work-based learning.

Most pupils choose to continue in full-time education after 16.Broadly speaking, education after 16 is divided into further and higher education. Further education is largely vocational and covers courses up to and including General Certificate of Education (GCE) A level and AS qualifications, General National Vocational Qualifications (GNVQ) Advanced level.

Those who wish to go on to higher education stay on two years more into the Sixth form. If their schools do not have the sixth form pupils may choose to go to a Sixth Form College. The pupils then concentrate in two or three subjects, in which they take the General Certificate of Education Advanced level(A-level) examination. Good passes are now essential because the competition for places in the universities and other colleges has become much stiffer.

In 1988 a new level of exam, the Advanced Supplementary (AS) exam, was introduced. It is worth half an A-level and usually involves one year’s study. This means that if a pupil wishes to study more than two or three subjects in the sixth form he/she can take a combination of ‘A’ and ‘AS’ levels. A-level arts student, for example, can still study sciences subjects at As level.

Some young people want to stay on in schools for the period between 16 and 18 not just to do academic work but also to study for exams that lead to professional training or vocational qualifications. To this end in 1992 the General National Vocational Qualifications(GNVQ) were introduced. They are taken by pupils between the ages of 16 and18 and focus on vocational skills such as business and finance, information and technology. Most courses are studied at Colleges of Further Education.

The first step for young people entering the job market is their local Jobcentrewhere they are taught to fill out a curriculum vitae or writing letters applying for jobs. A large number 16 and 17 year-olds enter Youth Training Programs to get vocational experience. Such programs cover a wide range of vocational skills from hairdressing to engineering.

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