• Гідрологія і Гідрометрія
• Господарське право
• Економіка будівництва
• Економіка природокористування
• Економічна теорія
• Земельне право
• Історія України
• Кримінально виконавче право
• Медична радіологія
• Методи аналізу
• Міжнародне приватне право
• Міжнародний маркетинг
• Основи екології
• Предмет Політологія
• Соціальне страхування
• Технічні засоби організації дорожнього руху
• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

The brief content of the lecture

1. IAEA is an International Intergovernmental Organization, formed due to GA UN decision on December 3, 1955, for development of international cooperation on peaceful using of atomic energy. Charter of the IAEA was confirmed in 1956. IAEA has not a status of specialized office of the UN. Connection with UN regulates by agreement with the GA 1957. Due to this agreement IAEA delivers annual reports about activity to GA, SC and ECOSOC. Any states, which recognized Charter of the IAEA can be a member of the IAEA. 137 states were members of the IAEA by 2004.

Structure of the IAEA:

General Conference is a high body of the IAEA meets ones in year and approves budget and Program, adopts new members, discusses policy of Agency.

Council of managements (35 members) leads by practical activity of Agency and submits to General Conference. Council meets 5 times in year. It has wide rights for IAEA management and forms Committees for decision of special problems.

Secretariat rules by current business. Principle General headed by Secretariat, who appointed by Council of managements on 4 years and confirms by General Conference.

Scientific Consultative Committee consists of 15 scientists and elaborates recommendations for Principle General on scientific-technical Programs.

Aim of the IAEA are:

- using of atomic energy for supporting peace, health and prosperity;

- no using of atomic energy in military sphere.

Warrants of the IAEA spread on 95% nuclear devices, except 5 states, which have nuclear weapons (Great Britain, China, Russia, USA, and France).

IAEA formed institutions, which consultates and exchanges information on technical, economic and financial aspects for development of atomic energy(conferences, edition, formation of information systems and others).

For control on using nuclear fuel IAEA analyzes information about world markets and producing uranium. Information about world uranium resources, it’s demand and supply publishes in “Red Book”.

- For liquidation radioactive waste IAEA elaborates principles and norms for process and burence;

- IAEA has own unique center system for extraordinary situation;

- Biological activity: nuclear physics, development of investigation reactors, nuclear synthesis etc.

Laboratory of the IAEA in Zaibersdorf realizes programs in sphere of agriculture, medicine and industry, geology, physics and chemistry. Laboratory of the IAEA on maritime environment in Monaco investigates of consequences of burence in sea and using of nuclear and technologies for widening knowledge about maritime environment. International Center of theoretical physics in Trieste, supporting by the IAEA, UNESCO and government of Italy organizes international cooperation in industrial developed states scientists. International Nuclear Information System offers information on problems of peaceful using of nuclear investigation technologies.

I. World Trade Organization till 1994 was named General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). GATT was signed in 1947. GATT entered to the UN. Functions of the GATT:

- developed of state trade policy, by elaboration of world trade rules;

- forum for negotiations on liberalization;

- regulation on arguments.

Aim of the GATT is:

- provision security of international trade relations by liquidation any forms of custom and other trade limitation;

- liquidation of any forms of discrimination, protection by custom taxes, quantities, import limitation, encouragement of regional trade agreements, privilege regime for developing states, particular regulation norms on textile and clothes.

GATT consists of:

- Session of contacting parties is a High Body of the GATT;

- Council of the GATT lead current business;

- Permanent committees controlled agreements;

- Secretariat headed by Principle General provided GATT organs activity.

International Trade Center in Geneva assisted to developed states in elaboration and realization export stimulation programs, and operations.

Eight “Trade Rounds” for liberalization world trade were held till 1994. Conclusion Act of Uruguay round was signed in 1994 by 118 states. New multisided system of international trade was formed and GATT was replaced by WTO. Conclusion Act are:

- Agreement about foundation of the WTO;

- Agreement about custom tariffs;

- Uruguay Protocol;

- General Agreement on service trade;

- Memorandum on argument regulation procedure;

- Procedure on control for trade policy treated sides etc.

WTO was formed on January 1, 1995. It’s legislative base of multisided trade system. Aim of the WTO is commercial and economic direction of state-members on increasing level life through growth of production, trade exchange by goods and services, using of raw materials for long term development, protection and preservation of environment.

Main functions of the WTO are:

- preparation and realization of multisided trade agreements;

- giving possibilities for multisided negotiations in trade sphere;

- regulation arguments in trade spheres;

- fulfillment control on trade policy;

- cooperation with other international institutions on problems of world economics.

Structure of the WTO:

Conference of Ministers is a high body of the WTO, convokes ones in two years.

General Council rules by Current business, and acts as Arbitrage Committee and Committee on control for trade legislative realization. General Council gives powers to other bodies – Council on trade by goods, Council on trade by services, Council on protection of author rights.

Bodies, founded by Conference of Ministers, submitted to General Council:

- Committee on Trade and Development;

- Committee on Payment;

- Committee on Trade and ecology;

- Committee on Budget, Finance, and Administration.

WTO is headed by Principle General, who has four deputies.

Secretariat provides meetings, negotiations and realization of agreements. Main function is an assistance of export aid to developing and non-developing states. Secretariat is situated in Geneva.

Budget of the WTO is 83$. Part of the budget is sent to the International Trade Center.

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