• Гідрологія і Гідрометрія
• Господарське право
• Економіка будівництва
• Економіка природокористування
• Економічна теорія
• Земельне право
• Історія України
• Кримінально виконавче право
• Медична радіологія
• Методи аналізу
• Міжнародне приватне право
• Міжнародний маркетинг
• Основи екології
• Предмет Політологія
• Соціальне страхування
• Технічні засоби організації дорожнього руху
• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

The brief content of the lecture

1.OPEC was formed in 1960 on Conference in Baghdad by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Qatar was joined in 1961, Indonesia in 1962, Libya in 1962, United Arabian Emirates in 1967, Algeria in 1969, Nigeria in 1971, Gabon in 1975-1994 and Ecuador (1973-1992) were members of the OPEC. Charter of the OPEC was adopted in 1965.

Aim of the OPEC:

- coordination and unification of the oil policy of state-members;

- effective individual and collective protection of state-members;

- provision of stable prices on world oil markets;

- provision of stable incomes of state-producers of oil;

- effective, profitable and regular provision of state-consumers;

- provision of justice redistribution incomes of investments to oil industry;

- protection of environment.

Member of the OPEC can be a state exported raw oil, approved by ¾ of state-founders and real members of Conference.

Structure:

Conference is a High Body of the OPEC and meets twice in year in Vienna. Secretary General is a Secretary of Conference simultaneously. Conference defines political objectives, approves budget and changes in Charter, takes decisions about adoption of new members, appoints members of Council of Managers, appoints Chairmen, Secretary General and his assistant.

Council of Managers is an executive organ of the OPEC. Each state has one vote. Council fulfils Conference decisions, prepares annual budget and conference agenda, assigns Secretary General assistant, confirms department heads.

Economic Commission consists of Secretary General assistant, representatives of state-members and coordinator. Commission elaborates measures on provision stability of oil markets, solves all problems of oil and energetic policy. Commission meets twice in year.

Secretariat fulfils current work. Secretariat divides on departments: investigation, energetic, economic and finance, administration and staff, information.

From 1991, OPEC and independent states-exporters of oil (non-members of the OPEC), EU and International Energetic Agency were held meetings for exchange by information on energetic, industrial cooperation, protection of environment, using of market mechanisms and transparence of oil market.

OPEC is financed through national finance institutions of state-members and multisided financial institutes.

Official language is English. Firstly, Head-Quarter was situated in Geneva, from 1965 in Vienna.

2. OECD was formed on September 30, 1961. It became successor of the Organization of European Economic Cooperation, formed in 1948 for using American economic and financial aid for restoration of Europe (Marshall’s Plan).

Main aims of the OECD:

- attributions to the development of world economy by provision on economic development, increasing of life standards, preservation of financial stability of state-members;

- assistance of economic and social prosperity by coordination of the policy of state-members;

- agreement aid of the OECD states to developing states.

Members of the OECD (by2004) are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Hungary, Germany, Greece, Denmark, Iceland, Spain, Ireland,, Italy, Canada, Southern Korea, Luxemburg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Great Britain, Slovakia, USA, Turkey, Finland, France, Czech, Sweden, Switzerland, Japan (30 states).

Structure:

Council is a High Body of the OECD and meets ones in week on the level of ambassadors, and ones in year on the level of ministers.

Main work fulfils in special committees and working groups (200).

European Commission actively takes part in the OECD work. In 1990 Center on Cooperation with European states of transference economy.

Secretariatof the OECD is headed by Secretary General and situated in Paris.

OECD spread analytic and statistic materials about main economic standards, budget, external trade, finance, industry and energetic. OECD Economic outlook (twice in year), OECD Economic Survey (annual) OECD Observer (twice in month) magazines edited. Edition centers are situated in Bonn, Tokyo, and Washington.

Some semi autonomy Bodies are entered to the OECD:

3. International Energy Agency (IEA);

4. Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA);

5. Center for Education, Research, and Innovation (CERI)

6. OECD Development Center.

Official languages are: English and French.

Переглядів: 261