The brief content of the lecture

1. OAS was formed in 1948 on IX –th Inter American Conference in Bogota, as a continuation of International Union of American Republics, formed in 1890. Charter of the OAS was added by Buenos Aires Protocol (signed in 1967), Kartakhen Protocol (signed in 1985), Washington Protocol and Managua Protocol (1992, 1993).

Aims of the OAS:

- strengthening of Peace and Security on continent;

- strengthening of democracy and observance of non-interference principle;

- prevention of conflicts and regulation of arguments between state-members;

- fulfill of mutual actions on occasion of aggression against members of organization;

- joint search of political, legal, and economic decisions;

- assistance to cooperation in economic, social, and cultural spheres.

36 states are members of the OAS.

EU, Austria, Algeria, Angola, Belgium, Vatican, Hungary, Germany, Greece, Egypt, Israel, India, Spain, Italy, Cyprus, Morocco, Netherlands, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Korea, Russia, Rumania, Saudi Arabia, Tunis, Finland, France, Switzerland, Guinea, Japan have a status of permanent observers.

Structure:

General Assembly is a high Body of the OAS. Delegation of each state is headed by Minister of Foreign Affairs. Assembly is elaborates political strategy, problems of peaceful co-existence, adopts budget, adopts regulation of General Secretariat. Assembly meets ones in year.

Consultative Congress of Ministers of Foreign Affairs convokes for considering of extra ordinary problems.

Consultative Committee on Defense considers military cooperation problems.

Permanent Council, Inter American Economic and Social Council, Inter American Council on Education, Science, and Culture submit to General Assembly:

Permanent Council – members have a rank of ambassadors, is orientated on supporting of permanent peaceful relations between state-members and promote to peaceful decisions of argument problems.

Inter American Economic and Social Council assistants to cooperation for economic and social progress.

Inter American Legal Committee in Rio de Janeiro advises General Assembly on elaboration and codification of International Law, investigates of legal problems. Committee meets twice in year.

Inter American Commission on Human Rights was founded in 1959 in Washington, consists of 7 members, elected by General Assembly.

General Secretariat is divided into four Executive Committees:

- economics and social problems;

- education, science, and culture;

- legal;

- administration.

OAS founded 6 autonomy specialized organizations:

- Pan American Organization of Public Health (Washington);

- Inter American Child Institute (Montevideo);

- Inter American Women Commission (Washington);

- Pan American Institute of Geography and History (Mexico);

- Inter American Institute on Indian Population Problem (Mexico);

- Inter American Institute of Agriculture Science (Sa-Jose).

Inter American Court on Human Rights in San-Jose consists of 7 judges, elected by General Assembly.

Inter American Defense Council was formed in 1946 coordinates collective Defense actions on continent. Military Staff prepares by Inter American Military College.

Inter American Committee on struggle against drugs, consists of 24 members, coordinates and realizes Inter American plan actions against using, production, and trade by drugs.

Inter American Development Bank is situated in Washington.

Working languages are English, Spanish, Portuguese, and French.

Head-Quarter is situated in Washington.

2. NAFTA was signed in 1992 by Canada, Mexico, and USA for foundation of Free Trade Zone by liquidation of tariffs and quotes on industrial and agricultural goods during 10 years.

Aims of the NAFTA:

- strengthening of Peace and Cooperation between nations;

- tribution to development of world trade and provision wide international cooperation;

- foundation of wide and safe market of goods and services;

- liquidation of obstacles in trade;

- establishment of mutual profitable rules by trade management;

- development of trade by goods and services of intellectual property;

- formation of new working places and improving of living standards;

- protection and preservation of environment;

- protection and strengthening of worker’s rights.

NAFTA is compared with the EU, but NAFTA is not Custom Union, because of unique internal tariffs weren’t introduced. It’s not Monetary Union also.

In 1996 Chile became an associated member of the NAFTA, which led to the foundation of American Free Trade Zone from Alaska till Fire Land.

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