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Assignment

Discuss the following questions

1. The main principles of vowel and consonant formation. The articulatory and auditory difference between vowel and consonant phonemes.

2. General principles of the classification of English vowel phonemes:

a) the stability of articulation;

b) the position of the tongue;

c) the position of the lips;

d) length of the vowel;

e) tenseness of the vowel;

f) the character of the end of the vowel.

3. Phonological oppositions in the system of English vowel phonemes.

4. Positional and combinative changes of vowels in connected speech.

5. Differences in the articulation basis of English and Russian vowel phonemes.

6. General principles of the classification of English consonant phonemes:

g) work of the vocal cords and the force of exhalation;

h) active organs of speech and the place of obstruction;

i) manner of noise production and the type of obstruction;

j) position of the soft palate.

7. Phonological oppositions in the system of English consonant phonemes.

8. Positional and combinative changes of consonants in connected speech.

9. Differences in the articulation basis of English and Russian consonant phonemes.

10. The application of the knowledge about the system of English phonemes, their articulatory peculiarities, speech modifications in teaching.

Comment on the following terms

1. Vowel, monophthong, diphthong, nucleus, glide front vowel, front-retracted vowel, central vowel, back vowel, back-advanced vowel, high vowel, mid vowel, low vowel, long vowel, short vowel, tense vowel, lax vowel, checked vowel, free vowel.

2. Consonant, noise consonant, sonorant, voiced consonant, voiceless consonant, occlusive consonant, constrictive consonant, aspirated consonant, plosive consonant, fricative consonant, affricate, lateral sonorant, medial sonorant, nasal consonant, glottal consonant, labial consonant, bilabial consonant, labio-dental consonant, lingual consonant, forelingual consonant, mediolingual consonant, backlingual consonant, apical consonant, cacuminal consonant, alveolar consonant, post alveolar consonant.

3. Reduction, qualitative reduction, quantitative reduction, zero reduction, assimilation, complete assimilation, partial assimilation, intermediate assimilation, progressive assimilation, regressive assimilation, reciprocal (double) assimilation, accommodation, elision.

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