The second law
Two-level system
The first law of T/D – it is a "book-keeper of enterprise".
It keeps the energy balance between the system and the surroundings.
The second law of T/D – it is a "director of enterprise".
It permits only such process that in accordance with the principle of entropy growing.
The second law by Klausius (1850):
"It is impossible spontaneous heat transfer from cold to hot body."
The second law by Kelvin (1851):
"It is impossible to convert the heat completely to work. It does not existing the perpetual motion machine of the second kind".
Irreversibility of the process in macro systems.
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