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Ukraine

1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:

2.Read the text and do the tasks that follow:

The term Ukraine first appeared in the chronicles of ancient Slavs in the 12^th century as a geographical name of southern lands of the ancient Kyiv Rus’.

Now Ukraine covers the territory of 603,7 thousand square kilometers and has the population of nearly 47 mln. People. Two such countries as Italy could be located in this area. Ukraine’s territory is the 42^nd in the world according to its size.

In the west Ukraine borders on Poland and Slovakia, in the south-west on Hungary, Rumania and Moldova, in the north on Byelorus’, in the north-east on the Russian Federation.

In the south Ukraine is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.

Ukraine is a highly-industrialized country whose economic potential is great.

Ukraine has its own armed forces, and maintains its diplomatic relations with foreign countries.

Ukraine is rich in coal, gas, different ores, gold and other natural resources. The basis of industrial development is metal.

Ukraine is in ideal geographical position for the development of its resources, lying between 44° and 52° latitude north, on the same latitude as the USA, Britain, China and Japan. The climate is mild and warm with a long summer and a short winter. Together with its fertile black soil, this makes it ideal for the development of intensive agriculture. The main part of Ukraine is located in the watershed of the Dnieper River, which divides Ukraine into two parts: Right-Bank and Left-Bank Ukraine.

Ukraine also lies on the Danube, and this gives it access to European countries. Through the Siversky Donets it has access to the Don.

The territory of Ukraine is criss-crossed by railroads and highways, oil and gas pipelines and high-voltage transmission lines – all of which ensure close economic ties with Eastern and Western Europe.

Ukraine consists largely of a flat, fertile plain with no natural boundaries except the Carpathian Mountains in the south-west and the Black Sea in the south. Great areas are occupied by steppes and forest-steppe regions.

Lowlands occupy a considerable part of the country. In the north lies the Polissia Lowland. On the Left Bank, the Dnieper Lowland runs along the Dnieper River. The Volhynia Plateau is 200-300 m in elevation.

Within the borders of Ukraine we find the Carpathian Mountains with the highest peak Hoverla (2061 m) which is located in the Chornohora massif. The Carpathians are young folded mountains, so they have flat summits and gentle slopes. The flat area of the treeless summit is called a polonyna.

The Crimean Mountains stretch in three parallel ranges. Their southern slopes are steep, the northern ones more gentle. The Main Range is the highest rising to 1500 m above sea level. Its highest peak is Roman Kosh (1545 m).

The Ukrainian scientists have discovered a way of manufacturing artificial diamonds and have developed methods of electric welding: they have made outstanding progress in nuclear physics, chemistry and other branches.

Kyiv is the capital of Ukraine, its industrial, scientific, administrative and cultural centre.

Ukraine was proclaimed independent state on August 24^th 1991. By the Constitution the government is composed of three coordinate branches: the executive, the legislative and the judicial power.

The executive power is vested in the president who holds office for five years. The legislative power is vested in the Verhovna Rada, Parliament of Ukraine. The Supreme Court of Ukraine constitutes the judicial branch.

Being one of the founders of the United Nations Organization in 1945, Ukraine actively participates in its work aimed at preserving peace and friendship among different states.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. When and where did the term Ukraine first appear?

2. What is the total area of Ukraine?

3. What is the population of Ukraine?

4. Which countries does Ukraine border on?

5. Is Ukraine washed by any sea?

6. What is the basis of industrial development of Ukraine?

7. Ukraine is in ideal geographical position in terms of development of its resources, isn’t it?

8. What natural resources is our country rich in?

9. Where is the main part of Ukraine located?

10. What ensures close economic ties of Ukraine with Eastern and Western Europe?

11. What transport infrastructure is the territory of Ukraine criss-crossed by?

12. Are there any natural boundaries in the country except the Carpathians in the south-west and the Black Sea in the south?

13. Lowlands occupy an insignificant part of Ukraine, don’t they?

14. What are the highest peaks of the Carpathian and Crimean Mountains?

15. What are the achievements of Ukrainian scientists?

16. When was Ukraine proclaimed independent state?

17. Which coordinate branches does the government consist of?

18. What is the highest body of legislative power in Ukraine?

19. How many people’s deputies are there in the Supreme Council?

20. Does Ukraine actively participate in the work of any international organization?

4. Speaking about our country:

Step 1.Decide which of these statements are true and which are false:

1. In the south Ukraine is washed by the Baltic and the White Seas.

2. Ukraine was first mentioned in the chronicles in 1213.

3. Three such countries as France could be located in Ukraine’s territory.

4. The basis of industrial development of Ukraine is coal.

5. Ukrainian scientists have created the first electronic computers.

6. Our country is one of the founders of the United Nations Organization in 1949.

7. The president of Ukraine is elected for a term of seven years.

8. There are three branches of power in Ukraine: the executive, the legislative and the judicial ones.

9. Ukraine is a highly developed industrial and agricultural country.

10. The highest body of the legislative power is the Supreme Court.

11. Most of the research institutes of Ukraine are located in Kharkiv.

12. Great areas are occupied by forests, treeless plains and valleys.

13. On the Right Bank, the Dnieper Lowland runs along the Dnieper River.

14. The southern slopes of the Crimean Mountains are gentle.

Step 2. Finish the following sentences:

· The climate of Ukraine is mild and … .

· The main part of Ukraine is located in the … .

· The highest body of the executive power is … .

· Ukraine lies on the same latitude as … .

· Ukrainian scientists have created the first … .

· The southern slopes of the Crimean Mountains are … .

· The territory of Ukraine is criss-crossed by … .

· Great areas are occupied by steppes and … .

· The name Ukraine first appeared in … .

· Ukraine is a highly industrialized country, whose economic … .

· Two such countries as Italy could be … .

· Its fertile black soil makes it ideal for … .

· In the west, Ukraine borders on … .

· The president of Ukraine is elected for a term … .

· There are three branches of power … .

· Our country is one of the founders of the UNO in … .

· Ukraine proclaimed its independence on … .

· In the south, Ukraine is washed by … .

· It is in ideal geographical position for … .

· Our country lies between 44° and … .

· Ukraine has its own armed forces, and maintains … .

· The territorial structure of Ukraine consists of … .

Step 3. Using the material of the text and of the tasks carried out, make up a story related to Ukraine according to the following plan:

1. Перша згадка про назву нашої країни в літописах.

2. Загальна площа, кількість населення, географічне положення.

3. Країни, що межують з Україною

4. Клімат, природні ресурси, корисні копалини.

5. Державна система, державні символи України.

6. Промисловість, сільське господарство.

7. Наука, освіта, культура.

8. Гілки влади, їх головні функції.

9. Територіальна структура, найбільші міста.

10. Членство у міжнародних організаціях.

Читайте також:

1. Agriculture іn Ukraine
2. Economy of Ukraine
3. Higher Education in Ukraine
4. Holidays and Imported Days in Ukraine
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6. LIFE OF YOUTH IN UKRAINE
7. Light Industry in Ukraine
8. Light industry of Ukraine
9. Meals in Ukraine
10. Newspapers and Magazines in Ukraine.
11. POLITICAL SYSTEM OF UKRAINE
12. Relations between Ukraine and english-speaking countries

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