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• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

POLITICAL SYSTEM OF UKRAINE

Ukraine is a sovereign state. On June 16, 1990 the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine passed the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine. On August 24,1991, Ukraine's in­dependence and the formation of the independent state of Ukraine was proclaimed by the Ukrainian Parliament.

On December 1,1991, an all-Ukrainian referendum was held, involving 84.18 per­cent of citizens.

Winning 61.6 percent of the votes, L.Kravchuk, the former head of the Verkhovna Rada, was elected President of Ukraine.

In 1994 L.Kuchma won the Presidential elections and became the new President of Ukraine, j

A new state, Ukraine, appeared on the world political map in 1991. It is a democ­ratic state, which is ruled by the law. It includes 24 administrative regions and the Autonomous Republic of the Crimea. Ukraine has its own Constitution, which was adopted in 1996. The Constitution of Ukraine consists of 15 chapters (161 articles). The day of its adoption (June, 28, 1996) is a state holiday - the Day of the Constitution of Ukraine.

The political system of Ukraine is really democratic. The powers of the Government are divided into legislative, executive and judicial. The President is the head of the state. He is elected for a term of five years. *The highest body of the executive power is the Cabinet of Ministers. It is responsible to the President and is accountable to the Verkhovna Rada. It carries out domestic and foreign policy of the state.

The Verkhovna Rada (Parliament) is the only body of the legislative power in Ukraine. It includes 450 deputies who are elected for a term of five years. The Verkhovna Rada adopts the State Budget and controls the execution of it.

Judicial power in Ukraine is led by the Supreme Court.

There are very many political parties in Ukraine. The main parties are: the Social Democratic Party, the People's Rukh of Ukraine, the Batkivshchyna, the Communist Party, the Women of Ukraine.

The National Emblem of Ukraine is a Golden Tryzub (trident) on a blue shield. The National Flag of Ukraine is a rectangular cloth with two horizontal stripes of equal width, the upper colored blue and the lower golden yellow. The National Anthem has been per­formed since January 1992 (music by M.M. Verbytsky).

The National Holiday, Independence Day, is celebrated on August 24..

Now Ukraine establishes new relations with countries throughout the world. It sets direct contacts with them signing agreement and treaties.

III. Post-reading stage:

3. Give Ukrainian equivalents for the following:

• to elect • the national anthem

• to divide • domestic policy

• to rule • to be accountable to

• to carry out • foreign policy

• the Supreme Court

4. Give English equivalents for the following:

• суверенна держава • судова влада

• незалежність • приймати (про закон)

• президентські вибори • державне свято

• законодавча влада • проголошувати

• виконавча влада

5. Agree or disagree with the following statements:

1. On August 24, 1991, Ukraine's independence was proclaimed by the Ukrainian Parliament

2. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is the only body of the executive power.

3. Ukraine includes 24 administrative regions and the Autonomous Republic of the Crimea.

4. The powers of the government are divided into legislative, executive and judi­cial.

5. The National Holiday, Independence Day, is celebrated on August 28.

6. In 1993 L.Kuchma won the Presidential elections and became the President of Ukraine.

7. L.Kravchuk was the first President of Ukraine.

6. Answer the following questions:

1. When did the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine pass the Declaration of State Sover­eignty.

2. Who proclaimed Ukraine's independence?

3. What event took place in Ukraine on December 1, 1991?

4. Who was elected the first President of Ukraine?

5. When did L.Kuchma become the President of Ukraine?

6. How many regions does Ukraine include?

7. How are the powers of the government divided into?

8. What is the National Emblem of Ukraine?

9. Who was music to the National Anthem written by?

10. When is Independence Day celebrated?

11. When is the Day of the Constitution of Ukraine celebrated?

7. Speak on the topic "Political System of Ukraine".Use the chart:

IV. Practice Drills:

1. Role-play the following situations:

Situation 1.Paula Smith, a British guide of the Ukrainian students in London is go­ing to visit Ukraine. She is interested in information on Ukraine. Answer her questions on geographical position, history, natural resources of Ukraine.

Situation 2.A student of the Law faculty is taking an exam in the Constitutional Law of Ukraine. He has difficulty with the question about the political structure of Ukraine. The teacher asks him questions and helps to reveal the question about the politi­cal system of Ukraine.

Situation 3.A young businessman has a possibility to invest money in the devel­opment of our country. He is interested in Ukrainian industry. Prove him that investing money in the development of industry will give a profit. Tell him about the main industrial centres of Ukraine.

Useful expressions: I'd like tosay a few words about - я б хотів сказати декілька слів про ...; As І know - як відомо; І think that - я думаю що; Quite on the contrary -навпаки; Certainly - звичайно; (Could) Can I ask you - чи можу я вас запитати; І want to give a few examples to prove it - я б хотів навести декілька прикладів, щоб довести це; As far as I know - наскільки мені відомо; І am interested in - мене цікавить; What can you say about - що ви можете сказати про ...; You are welcome - будь ласка; Thank you - дякую .

1. Pre-reading stage:

/. Study the following words and combinations:

to set contacts - встановлювати контакти

an agreement - угода

a treaty - договір

joint venture - спільне підприємство

to provide - забезпечувати

to enable - дозволяти

to implant - застосовувати

to be run - проводитися

Embassy - посольство

2. Look through the text "Ukrainian-British relations". Be ready to answer the follow­ing questions:

1. How does Ukraine set new contacts with foreign countries?

2. When did Ukraine and Great Britain establish diplomatic relations?

3. What does Know-how fund offer?

4. What are the aims of fund programmes?

5. Which possibilities does the British Council provide?

II. While-reading stage:

3. Read and translate the text.

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