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NATIONAL VALUES AND ASSUMPTIONS

Study the topic “National Values and Assumptions” (pp. 5-30 in Discussion Guide: British and American Studies: Учеб. пособие/ Т.Н. Дубровская, Н.П. Звонак, О.А. Зинина и др. – Мн.: МГЛУ,2003.-120с.).

Key terms and essential vocabulary (the USA):

‘an accident of birth’

acquisitiveness

assertiveness

bluntness

competitiveness

‘delayed gratification’

efficiency

equality

fatalism

free enterprise

individualism

material badges of success

materialism

optimism

self-help

self-identity

self-improvement

self-reliance

to be always on the go

to be born into a family/ social class

to climb (move up) the difficult ladder of success

to enter a race for success

to foster competition

to go from rags to riches

to have an aversion to sth

to hold a belief/assumptions

to keep up with the Joneses

to lie in the hands of people

to lie beyond the power of humans

to place a high/low value on sth

to have control over sth

to stand on one’s own two feet

to take credit for one’s accomplishments

to treat smb with deference

‘trial-and-error’ approach

‘workaholic syndrome’

Questions for discussion:

1. What do the notions ‘value’ and ‘stereotype’ denote?

2. Which associations do you have when you hear the word ‘American’?

3. What stereotypes are traditionally connected with the Belarusian nation?

4. What values of the Belarusian people can you name?

5. What is fatalism? How is it viewed by Americans?

6. What is Americans’ attitude to time?

7. Why do Americans have an aversion to treating people of high position in a deferential manner?

8. What connotation does the word ‘privacy’ have in the American culture?

9. What is an ‘accident of birth’?

10. How would Americans deliver unpleasant information?

11. How do Americans view material objects?

Key terms and essential vocabulary (the UK):

‘inverted snobbery’

a snob, snobbery

a stratified society

a welfare state

amateurism

anti-intellectualism

BBC English/Oxford English/the Queen’s English

egalitarian climate

insular spirit

public spiritedness

‘Received Pronunciation’/ RP

‘standard English’

to accuse smn of being posh

to address people by their titles

to adopt working-class values and habits

to approve of class divisions

to be able to exert one’s economic power

to be bad at learning foreign languages

to be conservative about sth

to be indicative of class

to be reluctant to change the system of currency

to be renowned for some ability

to be thought of as snobbish

to be tolerant of sth

to chip in sth

to cling to certain ways of doing things

to conform to a stereotype

to dominate the cultures of other three nations

to follow customs

to forge contacts with other people

to have living folk traditions

to impose sth on smb

to indicate friendship by open displays of emotion

to keep things private

to make social contacts through work

to perceived as a token of Britishness

Questions for discussion:

1. What are the popular stereotypes of the British character?

2. What is the attitude of the British to class divisions?

3. What is indicative of class belonging in Britain?

4. What is ‘snobbery’/’inverted snobbery’?

5. What is typical of the British patriotism?

6. Are the British good at learning other peoples’ languages?

7. How do the British view change?

8. Do all the common stereotypes conform to the real British habits?

9. What is ‘anti-intellectualism’?

10. What can be perceived as a token of Britishness?

11. The British tend to have a sentimental attitude to animals, don’t they?

12. Why are British people often considered aloof and reserved?

13. What does the notion ‘public spiritidness’ involve?

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