B. Music of Great Britain

Britain is more famous for pop music than it is for classical composers or jazz musicians. Names such as The Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Led Zeppelin, Pink Floyd, Elton John, George Michael and The Spice Girls are known world wide but few people know of British other musicians not in the pop world.

In Britain, most youths listen to punk, garage, house, rock, pop and R&B. (such as McFly, JLo, Xtina, Beyonce, Pink, Britney, Justin Timberlake, Mis-teeq).

The origins of music in Britain lie in the songs sung and dance music played by ordinary people, passed from village to village and handed down in the unwritten form from generation to generation.

Over the last thirty or so years British pop music has led the world in its range and quality, starting several new trends. Britain, along with the US, was the main contributor in the development of rock and roll, and Britain has provided some of the most famous bands, including The Beatles and many others.

Britain was at the forefront of punk music in the 1970s with bands such as the Sex Pistols and the Clash, and the subsequent rebirth of heavy metal with bands such as Motorhead and Iron Maiden.

Music in Britain from 1920s to the Present Day

1920s - Young people listened to ragtime and jazz.

1930s - Swing became popular. Benny Goodman and his Orchestra were the 'King of the Swing', as were Glenn Miller and Artie Shaw. The music was fast and frantically paced and led to dances being banned from dance halls, as the young women being flung into the air by their partners showed their stocking tops and underwear. Jazz continued to be popular.

1940s - The Second World War brought fast, frantic (and often American) dance music - boogie-woogie or jitterbug. Dances were held in church halls, village halls, clubs, Air Force bases - everywhere! But slower, romantic songs were also popular as loved ones went away to fight, such as Vera Lynn's 'We'll Meet Again' and the song about coming home again, 'The 'White Cliffs of Dover'.

After the war 'skiffle' bands became popular. These bands used household items, such as washboards and tea chests, as part of their set of instruments! Tommy Steele, who later became very famous, first played in a skiffle band.

1950s - Rock and Roll became very popular.

1960's - The Beatles began their career. They leapt to fame in 1963 with 'Please, Please Me'.

The Beatles moved through the late 1960s as favorites of the 'flower power' generation - many young people enjoyed 'hippie' music. Other teenagers preferred the music of the 'Mods' - ska music and The Who.

1970s - The first big new sound of the 1970s was “Glam Rock”, the main figures of this were David Bowie, Elton John and of course Gary Glitter. In the bleak political backdrop, these larger than life British bands and characters brought a welcome relief with their platform boots, sequins, nail varnish and colourful hair.

The punk movement of the late 1970s began in England. Great British bands of this scene were The Sex Pistols and The Clash. The Punk style was Mohicans, bondage clothes, safety pins, piercings and bovver boots.

1980s - The 1980s saw the rise of hip hop and rap music, with American influences powerful once again in the form of such groups as Run DMC and Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five. It also saw the rise and fall of the 'New Romantics', typified by groups like Adam and the Ants, who dressed as pirates and highway men and wore huge amounts of makeup.

1990s – Britpop - this was the general name given in the 1990s to a new wave of successful British bands who made a big impact in the United States and Europe, as well as in England. The most successful have been Radiohead, Oasis, Blur, Pulp, Massive Attack and The Spice Girls.

Wales has a strong musical tradition which you will come across in many Welsh pubs; northern England is renowned for its brass and silver bands; and Scotland, of course, has its famous bag-pipers. Across all these regions folk music has a hard-core following and there has been increasing interest in groups singing in Gaelic, Welsh and other languages.

Ex.6.Fill in the gaps with the information from the text above.

1. Many of new music trends derived from _________ .

2. Fast music dancing to which was considered in Britain to be vulgar is called ______.

3. Boogie-woogie dances are also known as _______.

4. ______ used tea boxes and boards for washing to play their music.

5. The Beatles were the representatives of the ________ generation.

6. Brass and silver bands can be heard in _________.

7. Such performers as Blur, Pulp, Massive Attack and The Spice Girls are usually called _________.

Ex.7. Describe a typical 'flower power' musician, a punk musician, a rapper, a 'New Romantic' and a Britpop.

Ex.8. ¯A) Listen to two pieces by a British composer. Can you guess what period these compositions belong to and who they can be written by? Explain your answers.

B) & Curiously enough, but the pieces you've just heard are written by one of the most powerful kings of Britain, Henry VIII. Read the information about this king, and do the exercises below.

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