Projection Welding.— This process is similar to spot welding and consists of joining two pieces of metal, one or both of which have mechanically formed projections. The purpose of the projection is to localize the current.
The current and pressures required for this type of welding are heavier than those applied in spot welding. Various sheet metal parts used in automobile and aircraft production are welded by this process.
Electric Arc Welding.— This is a fusion-welding process in which surfaces to be joined are fused by the heat of an electric arc. By bringing the work and the electrode together as conductors, an electric circuit is established; then, by separating the conductors, an electric arc is created in which the electrical energy is converted into heat.