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How the body uses food

Food supplies the nutrients (nourishing substances) that the body needs for producing energy, building and repairing tissues, and regulating body processes. The main kinds of nutrients are water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, and vitamins. Each kind of nutrient plays as important role in keeping the body healthy. Many foods are highly nourishing, but no one food supplies every necessary nutrient.

As the body digests food, the food is broken down into the various nutrients. The food eventually enters the small intestine, and the nutrients pass through the intestinal wall into the bloodstream. The blood distributes the nutrients to cells throughout the body.

In addition to nutrients, food supplies other important substances, especially water and fiber. Every living thing must maintain a certain water supply, or it will die. Fiber adds bulk to food and keeps waste products moving through the intestine.

People who do not get enough food to eat suffer from under nutrition. A person whose diet seriously lacks any nutrient is said to be malnourished. Some malnourished people have plenty of food, but they choose to eat foods that do not supply all the necessary nutrients. Some people develop health problems because they eat too much and become overweight.

New words:

Supply, nutrient, nourish, substance, tissue, process, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, digest, small intestine, distribute, fiber, bulk, under nutrition, malnourished, lack

Exercises

Rewrite the sentences using Reported speech

a) The main kinds of nutrients are water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, and vitamins.

b) Each kind of nutrient plays as important role in keeping the body healthy.

c) Many foods are highly nourishing

d) The food eventually enters the small intestine

e) People who do not get enough food to eat suffer from under nutrition

Retell the text using reported speech

3. Yesterday you met a friend of yours, Steve. You hadn’t seen him for a long time. Here are some of the things Steve said to you:

1. I am living in London

2. My father is not very well.

3. Rachel and Mark are getting married next month.

4. My sister has had a baby.

5. I don’t know what Frank is doing.

6. I saw Helen at a party in June and she seemed fine.

7. I have not seen Diane recently.

8. I am not enjoying my job very much.

9. You can come and stay at my place if you ever in London.

10 My car was stolen a few years ago.

11. I want to go on holiday, but I can’t afford it.

12. I will tell Chris I saw you.

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