I.Find the words and word combinations in the text which have permanent Russian equivalents. What part of the English vocabulary
do such words belong to?
II. What equivalents can you suggest to the word "fabric" (sentence 2)? Which of them would you choose while translating this sentence?
III. Should word-for-word translation be used in rendering the English phrases
"social evolution" and "mammalian species" (sentence 2)? If not, what syntactical transformations would you suggest?
IV. What kind of equivalent should be used to translate the English idiom "a hard nut to crack" (sentence 1)?
V. Suggest an occasional Russian substitute for the word "unified" in sentence (2) and explain your solution.
VI. Make a word-for-word translation of sentence (3) and then make it syntactically more acceptable by changing the word order.
VII. Can any of the regular equivalents of the word "solution" fit the context of sentence (5)? If not, what can serve as an occasional substitute?
VIII. Make your choice between the permanent equivalent to the English"deaf' (sentence 7) глухой and the occasional substitute не воспринимающий звуков. Give your reasons. Suggest a proper substitute for the word "non-literate".
IX. What method would you resort to in order to produce a substitute for the words "pidgins" in sentence (8) and "homo sapiens" in sentence (2)?
X. Use an explanation as an occasional substitute for the phrase "human diversity" in sentence (9).