Knitted stitches

Wefts knitted stitches are composed entirely of knitted loops.

A knitted loop stitch is produced when a needle receives a new loop and knocks over the old loop that it held from the previous knitting cycle. The old loop then becomes a needle loop of normal configuration. Other types of stitch may be produced on each of the four-needle arrangement base structures by varying the timing of the intermeshing sequence of the old and new loops. These stitches may be deliberately selected as part of the design of the weft knitted structure or they may be produced accidentally by a malfunction of the knitting action and considered as fabric faults. When these stitches are deliberately selected, a preponderance of knitted loop stitches is necessary within the structure to maintain its requisite physical properties.

Apart from the knitted loop stitch, the two most commonly produced stitches are the float stitch and the tuck stitch. Each is produced with a held loop and shows its own particular loop most clearly on the reverse side of the stitch because the limbs of the held loop cover it from view on the face side.

A held loop is an old loop that the needle has retained. It is not released and knocked-over until the next yarn feed. A held loop can only be retained by a needle for a limited number of knitting cycles before it is cast-off. A new loop is then drawn through it, otherwise the tension on the yarn in the held loop becomes excessive even though there is a tendency to rob yarn from adjacent loops in the same course.

A drop stitch fault will result if a needle releases its old loop without receiving a new one. Sometimes this technique is used to achieve a press-off on all needles at the end of a garment-length sequence. A drop stitch or press-off stitch is used very occasionally in flat knitting to cause certain loops in a plain structure to be much larger than the rest. Knitting takes place on only one bed of needles and selected needles in the other bed pick up loops that are immediately pressed-off by not receiving yarn at the next feed.

A float stitch or welt stitch is composed of a held loop and one or more float loops. It is produced when a needle holding its old loop fails to receive the new yarn that passes, as a float loop, to the back of the needle and to the reverse side of the resultant stitch, joining together the two nearest needle loops knitted from it.

A tuck stitch is composed of a held loop and one or more tuck loops. It is produced when a needle holding its loop also receives the new loop, which becomes a tuck loop because it is not intermeshed through the old loop but is tucked in behind it on the reverse side of the stitch. Its side limbs are therefore not restricted at their feet by the head of an old loop, so they can open outwards towards the two adjoining needle loops formed in the same course. The tuck loop thus assumes an inverted V or U-shaped configuration. The yarn passes from the sinker loops to the head that is intermeshed with the new loop of a course above it, so that the head of the tuck is on the reverse of the stitch. The side limbs of tuck loops thus tend to show through onto the face between adjacent wales as they pass in front of sinker loops. Tuck stitch structures show a faint diagonal line effect on their surface.

III Answer the questions

1. What knitted stitches are there?

2. Are these stitches produced as a part of a design or by a malfunction of the knitting action?

3. How is a knitted loop stitch is produced?

4. What are a float stitch and a tuck stitch produced with?

5. What is a held loop?

6. How does a drop stitch fault occur?

7. What effects does a drop stitch (or press-off stitch) provide?

8. What is a float stitch composed of? How it is produced?

9. What is a tuck stitch composed of? How it is produced?

10. What effect does a tuck stitch structure show?

IV Complete the sentences with the words from the text

1. A knitted loop stitch is produced when …

2. The two most commonly-produced stitches are …

3. A held loop can only be retained by a needle …

4. A drop stitch or press-off stitch is used to cause …

5. A float stitch or welt stitch is composed …

6. A tuck stitch is produced when …

7. The tuck loop assumes …

8. The side limbs of tuck loops tend …

V Find the English equivalents of the words

голкова петля, базове переплетення, синхронізація послідовності змішування, дотримуватися необхідних властивостей, обмежена кількість, обрані голки, сусідні голкові петлі.

VI Make up sentences with the terms

knitted loop, needle loop, part of the design, malfunction of the knitting action, fabric, faults, tension on the yarn, surface.

VII Give definitions to the terms

knitted loop stitch, held loop, drop stitch fault, float stitch, tuck stitch.

VIII Translate the sentences into English

1. Голка утворює нову петлю та скидає стару.

2. Деякі петлі утворюються випадково і вважаються браком.

3. Протяжка та пресова петля чіткіше видні на вивороті.

4. Ефект діагональних ліній можна отримати за допомогою пресових петель.

5. Спущені петлі створюють ефект подовженої петлі.

6. Протяжка утворються, коли голка не отримує нову порцію пряжі.

7. Пресова петля має форму перевернутої букви V.

8. Різні ефекти та візерунки можна отримати комбінуючи різні види петель.

IX Speak on the topic using the following words and word combinations

knitted loops, becomes a needle loop, the timing of the intermeshing sequence, by a malfunction of the knitting action, as fabric faults, to maintain its requisite physical properties, the two most commonly-produced stitches, a held loop, a drop stitch fault, a press-off on all needles, a float stitch or welt stitch, a tuck stitch is composed of, a faint diagonal line effect.

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