• Гідрологія і Гідрометрія
• Господарське право
• Економіка будівництва
• Економіка природокористування
• Економічна теорія
• Земельне право
• Історія України
• Кримінально виконавче право
• Медична радіологія
• Методи аналізу
• Міжнародне приватне право
• Міжнародний маркетинг
• Основи екології
• Предмет Політологія
• Соціальне страхування
• Технічні засоби організації дорожнього руху
• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

Major types of word formation in OE.

I. Derivation sound interchanges (always combined with suf –n);

1. –vowel gradation (inherited from PG and IE). Eg: rīdan – rād, singan – song;

–i-mutation: fōd – fēdan (food – feed);

breaking: beran – bearn (bear – born).

2. word stress: differentiate between words: parts of speech. Eg: ond swarian (v) – ond swaru (n);

3. prefixation (a productive way); Eg: gān – go; ā – gān – go away; be – gān – go round. Most productive – ā, be, for, ge, un.

4. suffixation (the most productive mean):

- suf of ‘agent nouns’ – some dead suf –s: -a (hunta); -end (fīend) > ere (IE) scōlere.

- suf of abstract nouns:

stem۸-t (dead):meaht(might)

-oþ,uþ (huntoþ - hunting)

-ung(ing(from verbs)

-suf.from root-morphemes:

dōm(meant judjment):wīsdom

hād(cīldhād - childhood)

ræ‾den

--adj-s: iз(modiз-proud)

isc(mennisc)

--adv.:lice(rotlice-cheerfully)

full(weorðfull)

II.Word-composition(highky productive)

1. noun+noun:

e.g.heāfod-mann(head-man,leader)

2. noun+adj.:

e.g.зōd-dæ‾d(good deed)

3. verb+noun

e.g.bæc-hūs(baking house)

4. formed with several methods:

e.g.un-wīs-dōm(fody)

un-negative pref.

wīs-adj-stem

dōm-noun-st.sturning into ۸

Nominal part of speech could be turned with the help of word-composition.

Italian loans in English.

Vast majority of words related to art,music and literature(the consequence of fact that Italy was the birthplace of the Renaissance movement&of the revival of interest in art).In the 14^th c. Italian words ducato,million,florin,pistol.Musical terms:aria,bass,concerto,piano,solo,sonata,soprano,tenor.Culture:balcony,design,fresco,gallery,studio,parapet.Literature:replica,sonnet.Many words in general use don’t differ fromEng.words in sounds or spelling&cannot be distinguished from native words without special study:medal,canteen,pilot.These borrowings were imported at an earlier date&have lost their foreign flavour.

Celtic loans in English.

Celtic borrowings – from the celtic inhabitans of Britain&Irish missionaries. They’re few: bin, down, Leeds, Thames, York.-comb(‘deepvalley’): Batcombe, Duncombe,-torr(high rock):Torr,Trcross,-llan(church):Llan dalf,-pill(creek) =100borrowings.

Main peculiarities of OE poetry.Beowulf.

1.namees of the poets are unknown(exc.Ceolmon and Cynewulf)

2.mainly3 subj-s:

-heroee(Beowulf)

-lyricalpoems(the Wanderer)

-religious poems(paraphrase the Bible)

3.number of syllables in a line is free;only the number of stressed syllables is fixed.

4.metaphorical phrases:e.g.heapu-swat

5.many synonyms:e.g.hero:rine,secj

OE poetic words went out of use.

Читайте також:

1. A case of transformation of heat into work
2. A Retrieved Reformation
3. A. Major Characteristics Of Culture
4. A. Read the additional texts with interesting facts about Canada and discuss this information with your partner.
5. Analyze the following examples from different types of texts.
6. B) major surgery
7. Back-formations, blends, and other types of word-formation
8. Basic Question Types
9. Basic types of modulation
10. Before you read the text below say how conference participants can use computers for preliminary information exchange.
11. Box. Add any additional information that you wish.
12. C – the types of format films.

Переглядів: 436