Irish Lesson 34

PRONUNCIATION REVIEW

The group "ch" in Irish may still be difficult for you to pronounce. If it is next to a broad vowel, "a, o, u", it receives the aspirated sound of broad "c". This sound is like that in the German word "ach". Pronounce it by lowering the raised back of the tongue somewhat while you pronounce a broad "c", which is like the (k) in "coat" or "lock".

Try the English word "lock" and then aspirate the (k) sound. This is similar to the Irish word "lách" (law*k*). Then say: loch (lohk*), dúch (dook*), croch (krohk*), gach (gahk*), sách (saw*k*).

If the broad "ch" starts a word, it is still pronounced (k*) and not (h) in most cases. Try: cóta (KOH-tuh), chóta (K*OH-tuh), cháil (k*aw*l), chaill (k*eyel), chuaigh (K*OO-ig).

We use the symbok (k*) for the pronunciation of this sound.

If the "ch" is nest to "e, i", again lower the tongue somewhat while you pronounce the slender "c", which is like the (k) sound in the English "kill". The result will be a sound like "y" in English "you", but with a slight (h) sound before it. Try: chill (hyil), cheannaigh (HYAN-ee), chéim (hyay*m). Inside or at the end of a word, the sound can be much like an (h), as in: fiche (FI-he), crích (kree). The last word is pronounced differently from "crí" (kree) at its end, but our simplified pronunciation guide does not take this into account. Instead, you must watch for this "--ch" ending yourself.

You may have seen anglicized place names and family names with a "gh" group in them, such as "Lough Erne" or "O'Loughlin". This "gh" was mistakenly adopted in the 19th century as the equivalent of the broad "ch" in Irish. The non-Irish speaker tends to pronounce "lough" as (loh) or (lawk), although it should be pronounced (lohk*), as if it were spelled properly: "loch", lake. "Lochlainn" means Scandinavia (or Denmark), and a "Lochlannach" is a Scandinavian.

VOCABULARY

Masculine Nouns

hata (HAHT-uh), hat

bríste (BREESH-te), trousers

ceann (kyoun), head

madra (MAH-druh) dog

doras (DUH-ruhs) door

halla (HAHL-uh), hall

Feminine Nouns

cuid, an chuid (kwid, un k*wid), part

fearthainn, an fhearthainn (FAR-in, un AR-in), rain

seachtain, an tseachtain (SHAHK*T-in, un TYAHK*T-in), week

Verbs

bris, ag briseadh (brish, uh BRISH-uh), break

cas, ag casadh (kahs, uh KAHS-uh), turn

fill, ag filleadh (fil, uh FIL-uh), return

stop, ag stopadh (stohp, uh STOHP-uh), stop

tosaigh, ag tosú(TUH-see, uh TUH-soo), begin

thosaíomar (huh-SEE-uh-muhr), we began

DRILL

1. Review the form "Céardéseo? (kay*rd ay* shuh) Is leabharé." "An leabhar móré? Níhea, ach leabhar beag."

Go through this with the following groups:

bord, bord gorm (GUH-ruhm), bord dearg (DYAR-ruhg)

hata, hata bán, hata dubh

halla, halla geal, halla dorcha

doras, doras dúnta, doras oscailte

bríste, bríste nua, seanbhríste

madra, madra mór, madra beag

2. We will now work with the Lesson-20 vocabulary for a drill. Verbal adjectives for bain, ith, cnag, andól are:

bainte, ite, cnagtha,ólta

"Táséag ithe an aráin" is "He is eating the bread".

Change this to "He ate the bread" and to "He has eaten the bread".

Before you look at the Key below, do the same with:

sí, ag ithe an bricfeasta

mé, ag ithe mo lóin

sinn, ag ithe feola

siad, agól bainne

tú, agól tae

mé, agól uisce

sé, agól chaife

siad, agól beorach

Seán, ag ithe aráin

Key: D'ith séan t-arán, táan t-arán ite aige. D'ith sían bricfeasta; tá... aici. D'ith mémo lón; tá... agam. D'itheamar feoil; tá... againn. D'ól siad bainne; tábainne olta acu. D'ól tútae; tá... agat. D'ól méuisce; tá... agam. D'ól séa chaife; tá.. aige. D'ól siad beoir; tá... acu. D'ith Seán an t-arán; tá...aige.

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