• Гідрологія і Гідрометрія
• Господарське право
• Економіка будівництва
• Економіка природокористування
• Економічна теорія
• Земельне право
• Історія України
• Кримінально виконавче право
• Медична радіологія
• Методи аналізу
• Міжнародне приватне право
• Міжнародний маркетинг
• Основи екології
• Предмет Політологія
• Соціальне страхування
• Технічні засоби організації дорожнього руху
• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

The brief content of the lecture

1. Due to Charter, the UNO includes 6 main bodies:

- General Assembly

- Security Council

- Economic and Social Council

- Trusteeship Council

- International Court

- Secretariat

General Assembly and Security Council are political and legislative bodies. Economic, Social and Trusteeship Bodies submitted to General Assembly. International Court is an independent Body.

General Assemblyis a main Organ of the UNO, united all it members by “one state is a one member principle”. General Assembly defines policy of the UNO, it’s program, confirmed budget, elects non-permanent members of the SC, appoints General Secretary, organizes conferences. GA works through the auxiliaries bodies. Among them – main bodies (7), procedure committees, special organs.

Main duties of the GA are:

- Considering and discussing problems in the framework of the UNO;

- General principles of cooperation on preservation of international peace and security;

- Consideration and confirmation of the UNO budget.

Plenary meeting of the GA begins in New-York in third Tuesday of September and lasted till middle of December. Before Plenary session Assembly elects new President, 21 vice-presidents and 7 chairmen of 7 GA main Committees.

Main Committees:

1. Disarmament and international security;

2. Economic and financial;

3. Social, humanitarian and cultural;

4. Trusteeship and non self ruling territories;

5. Administrative and budget;

6. Legal;

7. Special political Committee

Vote in GA acts by simple majority. Members of Organization, which have debts for fee, have not a vote rights, if debt equal or more sum, paid last two years.

Activity of the UNO builds on regional group states principle: African, Asian, Latin American, Western European and others. The USA includes to the group of “Western European states”.

2. Security Council a unique Body of the UNO, which has right to adopt decisions, compulsory for the UNO states. Due to Charter, SC has main responsibility for supporting international Peace and Security. SC consist of 5 permanent members: Great Britain, China, Russia, USA, and France. 10 non-permanent states elected by GA on 2 years. Due to Charter all members of the UNO agree and submit to the decisions of the SC. Chairman of the SC changes each month. SC has some Committees:

1) Permanent Committees include representatives of all members of the SC:

a) Committee of experts on procedure rules;

b) Committee on adoption of new members.

2) Special Committee.

Powers of the SC:

- Supporting of International Peace and Security;

- Investigating of any arguments, which lead to international conflicts;

- Elaboration of recommendations, concerning regulations of arguments;

- Using of economic sanctions against aggression;

- Undertaking of military actions against aggressor;

- Elaboration of recommendations, concerning appointment of General Secretary and jointly with GA to elect judges of International Court.

3.Council consists of 54 members, elected by GA for 3 years on the base of geographical representation. 18 members reelected annual. Main aims of the EcoSoC are:

b) increasing of life level, economic, social development conditions;

c) decision of international economic, social problems, international cooperation in cultural and educational spheres;

d) respect of human rights and main freedoms, independently of race, sex and religion.

Council convokes 2 times annual: in April in New-York (organizational session) and in July in Geneva (basically session).

EcoSoC includes 4 permanent Committees, functional Commissions, permanent export groups, 5 regional Commissions, and special export groups.

Permanent Committees:

- Committee on non-governmental organizations;

- Committee on coordination programs;

- Committee on natural resources;

- Committee on planning development.

Functional Commissions: Commission on Statistics, Commission on human rights, Commission on social development, Commission on stable development and so on.

Regional Commissions:

- Economic Commission in Europe (Geneva);

- Economic and Social Commission in Asia and Pacific Ocean Region (Bangkok);

- Economic Commission in Latin America and Caribbean islands (Bangkok);

- Economic Commission in Africa (Addis Ababa);

- Economic and Social Commission in Western Asia (Baghdad).

2. 11 territories which were under the Trusteeship of the UNO took Independence. In 1994 Pacific Ocean island Palau as a 185 member entered to the UNO and Trusteeship Council fulfilled mission. Before Trusteeship Council Sessions convoked in New-York annual. In 1997 K.Annan suggested to transform Trusteeship Council to Forum on Collective Trusteeship over Environment, World Ocean, Atmosphere and Space.

3. International Court was founded in 1945 and situates in Hague. Legal base of it are:

- Charter of the UNO;

- Statute of International Court;

- International Law;

- Regulations of International Court.

Court consists of 15 high qualified judges, elected by GA and SC on 9 years. Two judges can’t be citizens of one state. French and English are official languages of International Court.

4. Due to Charter of the UNO, General Secretary is a Chief of General Assembly, Security Council, EcoSoC and Trusteeship Council. General Secretary should been offer to G.A. annual report about UN’s activity. General Secretary assigns by G.A. on recommendation of the S.C. for 5 years.

Secretariat responds for fulfillment current business. Secretariat prepares negotiations and conferences. In 2004 25 th. men worked in Secretariat (including regional representations and auxiliaries organizations).

- T.Lee (Norway) was a first General Secretary);

- D.Hammarsheld (Austria) was elected in 1953;

- U.Tan (Burma) was elected in 1961;

- K.Waldkhaim (Austria) was elected in 1971;

- Peres de Kualjar (Peru) was elected in 1982;

- Butros Butros-Gali (Egypt) was elected in 1991;

- K.Annan (Gana) was elected in 1997.

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