II. Listen to the tape and fill in the gaps with the correct figures concerning the structure of E. coli

1. length - _______

2. diameter - _______

3. volume - _______

4. weight (approximately) - _______

4. number of identical molecules of DNA within the body of E. coli - _______

5. number of ribosomes within the body of E. coli - _______

5. thickness of a cell wall - _______

6. speed at which flagella push E. coli - _______

7. percentage of the E. coli cell ingredients (approximately):

water _______ carbohydrate _______

protein _______ lipid _______

DNA _______ simple ions such as K+ _______

III. Listen to the tape again and decide whether the following statements are true or false

1. Compared to the mycoplasmas, E.coli is about 100 times larger.

2. Every second or so the cell causes the bundle of flagella to separate and reform.

3. Thousands of kinds of specific proteins are made by each prokaryotic cell of E. coli in spite of its genetic material consisting of approximately 1/500 as much DNA as is contained in a single cell of a human being.

4. Under the best conditions the E. coli cell requires about 1 day to go through a division cycle.

5. Among the features that make E. coli a very favorable subject for biological experimentation are its small size, rapid division, simple nutritional requirements, absence of a great health hazard, and readily available many differing genetic strains with known characteristics.

SPEAKING

Speak about the Bacteria covering the following issues:

· distinctive features of the bacteria;

· the diversity of the Kingdom Monera;

· bacteria classification;

· modes of reproduction;

· the eubacteria and the archaea;

· representatives of the Kingdom Monera;

· the bacteria and ecology.

Lesson 3

VIRUSES

PRE-READING TASKS

I. Answer the following questions

· In what way are viruses different from all other living “things”?

· Would life on earth change for better if all viruses suddenly disappeared?

II. Listen to the following words and practice their pronunciation

Virion, prion, capsid, viroid, parasite, nuclease, lipoprotein, vaccine, bacteriophage, lysogenic, ultraviolet, incubation period.

READING COMPREHENSION AND VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT

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