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Quality of knit fabrics

At present knit fabric quality is decided by few physical parameters: loop dimensions (loop length, wales and courses per unit length), fabric width, dimensional stability and defects in the fabrics. However, aesthetic value of the fabric or the appeal to the customer regarding the fabric, which ultimately accounts for satisfying the customer, is not measured by these parameters.

At the same time the comfort properties of the fabric like smoothness and fluidity of loops that influences shear and low stress mechanical properties are also not sufficiently covered by above listed parameters. Furthermore than just the stability of the fabric/garment, for which knits are known to be poor, the localized variation in dimension would hamper the appearance and useful life of it. Though objective assessment of these parameters is not possible commercially today, with the introduction of image analysis technique for fabric quality inspection such an assessment may become reality in the future. The customer too may consider subjective assessment of the same by observing the garment under different light sources that enhances the localized variation and get a feel of quality level

The quality of fabrics at micro level could be loop-to-loop variation in their dimension, including loop shape and loop density. The important loop dimensions are loop length, loop width (wale spacing) and loop height (course spacing).

The uniformity in dimension of loops provides attractive appearance to fabric, as it eliminates blurring effect of irregular dimensions. The fabric would be more elegant, lustrous, smoother, softer and stable. This is like better cover in woven fabric.

The measurement of dimension of each loop for a large number of loops that statistically represents the whole lot of the fabric is a very hard task by using existing tools. However, for research purpose it can be executed with satisfactory accuracy. As the measurement of yarn imperfection for a unit length of 10 mm is made possible and with statistical quality control it is capable of representing a whole lot of yarn or the production of a large spinning mill. The development of a suitable instrument to measure individual loops for their dimensions could be practically possible.

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