THE PERFECT FORM

The Perfect form denotes an action completed before the present moment (and connected with it) or before a definite moment in the past or future.

It is formed by means of the auxiliary verb to have in the required tense and Participle II of the notional verb. (On the formation of Participle II see Chapter VII, § 3.)

THE PRESENT PERFECT

The formation of the Present Perfect.

1. The Present Perfect is formed by means of the Present Indefinite of the auxiliary verb to have and Participle II of the notional verb.

2. In the interrogative form the auxiliary verb is placed before the subject.

In the negative form the negative particle not is placed after the auxiliary verb.

Affirmative	Interrogative	Negative
I have worked He has worked She has. Worked We have worked You have worked They have worked	Have I worked? Has he worked? Has she worked? Have we worked? Have you worked? Have they worked?	I have not worked He has not worked She has not worked We have not worked You have not worked They have not worked

3. The contracted affirmative forms are:

I’ve worked

He’s worked

You’ve worked

The contracted negative forms are:

I haven’t worked

He hasn’t worked

You haven’t worked

4. The negative-interrogative forms are:

Has she not worked?

Hasn’t she worked?

Have you not worked?

Haven’t you worked?

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<== попередня сторінка	\|	наступна сторінка ==>
The use of the Future Continuous in the Past.	\|	The Past Indefinite and the Present Perfect.

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