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Mark the correct variant.

1. Nowadays very tall and huge buildings are made of … .

1. steel and concrete; 2. bricks; 3. stone.

2. When placed in … concrete must be protected.

1. summer; 2. spring; 3. winter.

3. Most early engineers were engaged in the construction of … .

1. dams; 2. bridges; 3. fortifications.

4. The ancient Greeks knew the art of building with … .

1. steel; 2. cut stone; 3. concrete.

5. Civil engineering is a very popular and … .

1. difficult; 2. extremely broad;

3. honourable profession.

6. Concrete was widely used by … .

1. Russian; 2. Romans; 3. Greeks.

7. … was one of the first building materials.

1. timber; 2. concrete;

3. portland cement.

8. The silicate industry embraces the production of … .

1. ceramics; 2. cement;

3. cement glass and ceramics.

9. The materials used to make silicate bricks are … .

1. cement and water; 2. white sand;

3. white sand and slaked lime.

10. … is very resistant to chemical attack.

1. portland cement; 2. high alumina cement;

3. tamping cement.

11. The main properties of concrete are … .

1. durability; 2. watertightness;

3. durability, strength, watertightness, workability.

12. Concrete is an artificial conglomerate of … .

1. crashed stone, gravel or similar inert material with a mortar;

2. crushed stone with water;

3. crushed stone with steel.

13. Reinforced concrete has become so popular because of … .

1. its resistance to fire;

2. its resistance to fire and weather;

3. its durability and strength under loads.

14. Portland cement was produced more than … ago.

1. 50 years; 2. a century; 3. 10 years.

15. Greece possessed perfect … for columns, and beams and the arch and dome received little attention.

1. timber; 2. clay; 3. marble.

16. It is interest to note briefly the influence of … the schools of architecture.

1. weather; 2. materials; 3. history.

17. The hand of the average man is large enough to take a brick and he is able to handle more than … bricks in an eight-hour working day.

1. 500; 2. 5 000; 3. 1 000.

18. Having been reinforced with iron bass concrete became rather … .

1. durable; 2. light; 3. strong.

19. The external walls are made of sandwich panels with the outer layer made of … .

1. aluminium; 2. plastics; 3. bricks.

20. The are … ways of achieving priestess in concrete.

1. two; 2. three; 3. four.

21. About 100 bars … been used, half of them being steel.

1. have; 2. were; 3. had.

22. We saw them … crushed stone, gravel with mortar.

1. to mix; 2. mixing; 3. mixed.

23. A bridge … the two parts of the town will be completed in three years.

1. to connect; 2. connecting;

3. having connected.

24. The English for “точний метод” is … .

1. accurate method; 2. right method; 3. exact method.

25. The initial materials for the production of ordinary glass are mainly … .

1. limestone; 2. soda Na₂CO₃;

3. limestone CaCO₃ and sand SiO₂.

26. The English for “залізобетон” is … .

1. precast concrete; 2. light concrete;

3. reinforced concrete.

27. A brick may be made … .

1. of burnt clay and of concrete; 2. of sawdust;

3. of burnt clay of concrete and of mortar.

28. After the decline of the … the art of making concrete has been forgotten.

1. Greece; 2. Egypt;

3. Roman Empire.

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