• Гідрологія і Гідрометрія
• Господарське право
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• Міжнародний маркетинг
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• Предмет Політологія
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• Технічні засоби організації дорожнього руху
• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

AT THE NEGOTIATING TABLE

Negotiation is an essential part of the every-day business life. It is the process for resolving conflict between two or more parties to achieve an acceptable compromise. Negotiations take place to handle differences or conflicts of:

• Interests (wages, hours, work conditions, prices).

• Rights (different interpretations of an agreement).

The aim of a negotiation is to come to an agreement that is acceptable to both sides. There are four main stages of, negotiations:

1. preparing objectives, information, strategy

2. discussing (argue)

3. propose and bargain

4. close and agree.

The objectives are classified as follows:

Like - ideal

Intend - achievable

Must - real.

80 % of the negotiating time is spent arguing. There are two kinds of arguing:

• reasonable and constructive - debates, discussions;

• unreasonable and destructive - emotional quarrels.

A negotiator should be constructive in arguments and try to get information by ask­ing open questions. It is important to state only ideals at first.

Another very important point of negotiations is proposing and bargaining. Proposals should be realistic.

The final step is closing and agreeing. The aim of closing is to get the opposition to stop bargaining and to make an agreement. The final thing to do is to write down the agreement and agree what is written down.

To be an effective negotiator one should have such characteristics as:

• preparation and planning skills;

• knowledge of the subject matter being negotiated;

• ability to think dearly under pressure;

• ability to express thoughts verbally;

• listening skills;

• judgement and general intelligence;

• integrity;

• ability to persuade others;

• patience;

• decisiveness.

In order to be a success at the negotiating table, one should have negotiation skills as well as atheoretical knowledge. But without a practical experience it is hard to negoti­ate effectively.

III. Post-reading stage:

3. Give the Ukrainian equivalents to the following words and word-combinations:

I An essential part Preparing objectives To get information

Resolving conflict Arguing To ask open

questions

An acceptable compromise Propose and bargain To state ideals

To handle differences Negotiating time The final step

Work conditions Debates To make an

agreement

To be acceptable Emotional quarrels An effective

negotiation

4. Answer the following questions:

1. Whatis negotiation?

2. What is the aim of negotiation?

3. What are the main stages of negotiation?

4. What characteristics are necessary to be an effective negotiator?

5. Read and learn the negotiating expressions:

6. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:

1. May Isuggest that we table this discussion until tomorrow?

2. We must figure a way to resolve our differences.

3. Let's consider this new proposal.

4. Can wereach an agreement in time to meet the deadline? 5.1 do not know if this will solve our problems.

6. The president will reject any opposing ideas.

7. Perhaps you can propose a solution to this problem.

8. Let's make a deal!

7. Read and learn the verbs of negotiation:

1. to suggest - пропонувати

2. to recommend - рекомендувати

3. to propose - пропонувати

4. to offer - робити пропозицію

5. to bargain - торгуватися, домовлятися

6. to compromise - йти на компроміс

7. tosettle - вирішувати

8. to resolve - вирішувати

8. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:

1.1 would like to recommend a 10 percent pay cut. 2.1 propose a $104 per share tender offer on this stock. 3.1 suggest we redesign the equipment. 4.1 am offering a 6 percent commission on the sale.

5. We need to bargain with our competitors and make a deal.

6. Let's settle our disagreements before progressing further.

7. Can we compromise here? ГИ give a little, you give a little; maybe wecan reach an agreement.

8. We need to resolve our problems first, then we can talk about contracts.

9. Read and learn the sentences with conceding, downplaying, and exploring other pos­sibilities:

10. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:

1. The cost is of little importance if we can't sell the product.

2. The design is a minor point here; what matters is how much it costs.

3. It's only a design; it's a nice feature, but it's not the most important thing.

4. It's just another software program among thousands; why is it so special?

5. What would happen if our company bought fewer machines at a higher price? Would that work for you?

6. Is it possible to redesign the software for us?

7. Do you have any other ideas about solving this problem?

8. Perhaps you need to give this some additional thought before deciding

11. Give the equivalent verb for :

• concession • offer

• proposal • settlement

• agreement • negotiation

• suggestion

12. Match the expressions on the left with those on the right that have a similar meaning:

13. Write sentences using the following expressions:

1. make a deal

2. reach a compromise

3. reject an idea (or point of view)

4. propose a solution

5. make a concession

DIALOGUE 1 I. Pre-reading stage:

1) What do sides usually consider during the negotiations?

2) What is Letterof Credit?

/. Study the following words and word combinations:

1. on the whole - у цілому

2. condition - умова

3. competitive - конкурентноспроможній

4. somewhat high - дещо великий

5. per cent - відсоток

6. to increase - збільшувати

7. to give a discount - надавати знижку

8. to settle a problem - врегулювати питання

9. parcel - партія (обладнання, машин)

10. a lot - партія (вантажу)

11. remaining - той, що залишився

12. as regards - щодо, відносно

13. shipping documents - вантажні документи

14. aletter of credit – акредитив

II. While-reading stage:

2. Read and translate the dialogue.

Читайте також:

1. English table manners
2. II. Listen to the first part of the text and fill in the table below
3. III. Fill in the spaces in the following text using a suitable form of the word given at the end of the lines. The first is given as an example
4. IV.Fill in the table:
5. Learn table 17 and revise how to use different types of conditionals
6. Make sentences with the words from the table. Say what you like or dislike doing when you have leisure time.
7. Negotiating
8. Study the Table of word-building means given in Grammar Revision.
9. Study the tables and then complete the text below with words from B opposite.
10. Table 11
11. Table manners

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