• Гідрологія і Гідрометрія
• Господарське право
• Економіка будівництва
• Економіка природокористування
• Економічна теорія
• Земельне право
• Історія України
• Кримінально виконавче право
• Медична радіологія
• Методи аналізу
• Міжнародне приватне право
• Міжнародний маркетинг
• Основи екології
• Предмет Політологія
• Соціальне страхування
• Технічні засоби організації дорожнього руху
• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

Old English Vowel System (9th-10th c.)

§ 133. The system of OE vowels in the 9th and 10th c. is shown in Table 6. The sounds are indicated with the help of OE letters serving as transcription symbols ([ā] is a nazalised [a]); length is shown by a colon.

The vowels shown in parentheses were unstable and soon fused with resembling sounds: [ā] with [a] or [o], [ie, ie:] with [y, y:].

The vowels are arranged in two lines in accordance with the chief phonemic opposition: they were contrasted through quantity as long to short and were further distinguished within these sets through quali-lative differences as monophthongs and diphthongs, open and close, front and back, labialised and non-labialised.

Table 6

Old English Vowels

Cf.some minimal pairs showing the phonemic opposition of short and long vowels:

OE dæl — dǣl (NE dale, ‘part’)

is — īs (NE is, ice)

col — cōl (NE coal, cool).

The following examples confirm the phonemic relevance of some qualitative differences:

OE rǣd — rād — rēad (NE ‘advice’, road, red)

sē — sēo ‘that’ Masc. and Fem,

mā — mē (NE more, me)

The OE vowel system displayed an obvious tendency towards a symmetrical, balanced arrangement since almost every long vowel had a corresponding short counterpart. However, it was not quite symmet­rical; the existence of the nasalised [ā] in the set of short vowels and the debatable phonemic status of short diphthongs appear to break the balance.

§ 134.All the vowels listed in the table could occur in stressed position. In unstressed syllables we find only five monophthongs, and even these five vowels could not be used for phonemic contrast:

i — ǣnis (NE any)

e — stāne, Dat. sg of stān as opposed to

a — stāna. Gen. pl of the same noun (NE stone)

o — bǣron — Past pl Ind (of beran as opposed to bǣren, Subj. (NE bear)

u — talu (NE tale), Nom. sg as opposed to tale in other cases

The examples show that [e] was not contrasted to [i], and [o] was not contrasted to [u]. The system of phonemes appearing in unstressed syllables consists of three units: e/i a o/u

ORIGIN OP OLD ENGLISH CONSONANTS

Читайте також:

1. A survive the education system
2. A. What countries is English the first language? Match English-speaking countries with their national flags and capitals.
3. Accommodation of OE Vowels (breaking and diphthongisation).
4. An Extract from the Late Middle English works criticizing the Church
5. Ask your friend questions in English about their content. Summarize his/her answers.
6. B) Argue the pros and cons of: 1. Tutorial system. 2. Students' uniform. 3. Residential colleges.
7. CAD SYSTEM FOR METAL CUTTING CHARTS
8. Changes of Short Vowels in Early New English
9. Changes of Stressed Vowels in Early Old English
10. Changes of Unstressed Vowels in Early Old English
11. CLASS SYSTEM
12. CLASSIFICATION OF APPLIED LINGUISTIC SYSTEMS

Переглядів: 842