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Changes of Unstressed Vowels in Early Old English

§ 131.AH the changes described above affected accented vowels. The development of vowels in unstressed syllables, final syllables in particular, was basically different. Whereas instressed position the number of vowels had grown (as compared with the PG system), due to the appearance of new qualitative differences, the number of vowels distinguished in unstressed position had been reduced. In unaccented syllables, especially final, long vowels were shortened, and thus the opposition of vowels — long to short — was neutralised. Cf. OE nama (NE name)to the earlier *namōn.

§ 132. It must also be mentioned that some short vowels in final unaccented syllables were dropped. After long syllables, that is sylla­bles containing a long vowel, or a short vowel followed by more than one consonant, the vowels [i] and [u] were lost. Cf. the fol­lowing pairs, which illustrate the retention of [u] and [i] after a short syllable, and their loss after a long one: OE scipu and scéap (NE ships, sheep, pl from *skeapu); OE werian — dēman (NE wear, deem; cf. Gt dōmjan).

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