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Professional teaching methods

Professional education emphasizes a teaching method known as learning by doingor hands-on practice. Under this method, students learn job skills by practicing them with actual machines or tools. Instruction may take place in a laboratory or in a special classroom called a shop that duplicates a real workplace. For example, students in the automotive department of a high school work on automobiles with the same tools used in repair shops. Such equipment makes professional education one of the most expensive types of education.

Most professional schools offer individualized instruc­tion, which enables an individual to study the material at his or her own pace. Students work independently with tape recordings, devices called teaching machines, computer-assisted instruction, and other materials. The teacher gives individual help.

Another method of professional education combines classroom studies with work experience, insuch coop­erative education, students attend school part-time and work part-time, usually in a paying job. Business firms and other organizations cooperate with schools in em­ploying the students. A faculty member called a teacher-coordinator helps students obtain jobs that match their field of study.

? 1. Give Russian equivalents of the following phrases:

Apprenticeships combine on-the-job experience; conduct train­ing programs for their employees; their skills in civilian life; state and local governments receive federal funds; instruction may take place; professional education combines classroom studies with work experience; students attend school part-time and work part-time; students obtain jobs.

2. Say if the following sentences are true or false.

1. Labor unions in such skilled trades as bricklaying and printing don’t offer apprenticeship pro­grams for their members. 2. Apprenticeships combine on-the-job experience with individual or classroom instruc­tion. 3. Many businesses and industries also don’t conduct train­ing programs for their employees. 4. Most professional schools offer individualized instruc­tion, which enables an individual to study the material at his or her own pace. 5. Students work independently with tape recordings, devices called teaching machines, computer-assisted instruction, and other materials. 6. The teacher doesn’t give individual help.

3. Insert missing words, use the text’s vocabulary:

1. … combine on-the-job experience with individual or classroom instruc­tion. 2. Many businesses and industries also conduct … programs for their employees. 3. Under this law, state and local governments receive federal funds to furnish job training for …, … youths and for needy adults. 4. Professional education emphasizes a teaching method known as … by … or hands-on practice. 5. Under this method, students learn job skills by practicing them with actual … or … . 6. A faculty member called a … …helps students obtain jobs that match their field of study.

4. Translate these sentences into your native language:

1. Many businesses and industries also conduct train­ing programs for their employees. 2. Men and women in the armed forces may be trained in a variety of technical jobs. Many of these people later find a market for their skills in civilian life. 3. Under this method, students learn job skills by practicing them with actual machines or tools. 4. Instruction may take place in a laboratory or in a special classroom called a shopthat duplicates a real workplace. 5. For example, students in the automotive department of a high school work on automobiles with the same tools used in repair shops. 6. Such equipment makes professional education one of the most expensive types of education. 7. Students work independently with tape recordings, devices called teaching machines,computer-assisted instruction, and other materials. 8. The teacher gives individual help. 9. Business firms and other organizations cooperate with schools in em­ploying the students. 10. A faculty member called a teacher-coordinator helps students obtain jobs that match their field of study.

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