Identify the period of borrowing of the French, Greek, Russian and German words given in task 6.

Write down in the space provided a letter, which indicates the language from which the given words were borrowed. In case of difficulty consult the Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology.

State whether the given words were borrowed into the English language directly or indirectly, i.e. through another language. Define the source and origin of the given borrowed words.

Write out phraseological units formed with the help of the italicized words which are of native origin. State what these phraseological units denote. Translate the sentences into Russian.

Give derivatives of the following words of native origin. In case of difficulty consult a dictionary.

Model:heat

The word heat has the following derivatives: to heat, heater, heated, heatedly, heating, heatstroke, heatproof, heat-lightning.

Lord, hat, red, grass, to feed, quick, stone, to feel, heavy, to look.

Model:I am completely at one with Michael on this issue.

The phraseological unit at one with smb. denotes' in agreement or harmony'. Я полностью согласен с Майклом в этом вопросе.

1. I'm sure I can finish the article — I just need to get my head down this afternoon. 2. I'm afraid Lisa's family do not stand a chance. I doubt if their advisers will let them take it to court. 3. You know Jack. He can't help chatting up any pretty girl he meets. It doesn't mean a thing, but if you don't like it why not show him it's a game that two can play. 4. The small fry are soon going to be pushed out of business by all these multinationals. 5. The organization that looked so solid and dependable turned out to be a house of cards. 6. It really knocked me for six when my ex-boyfriend announced he was getting married. 7. Malcolm, who is a quiet but determined young rider, has now made his mark on the international show jumping front. 8. 1 swept the floor and polished the table, and then, for good measure, 1 cleaned the windows. 9. He was very much the blue-eyed boy in the office. 10. She criticized members of the committee for sitting on the fence and failing to make a useful contribution to the debate. 11. The legal difference between negligence and recklessness is a bit of a grey area. 12. If the insurance company won't pay for the damage, I'll be up a tree.

Model:sphinx < ME < L < Gr Sphi'gx

0 The word sphinx was borrowed into the English language indirectly, i.e. through another language. The source of borrowing is Latin, whereas the origin of borrowing is Greek.

1) obelisk < L obeliscus < Gr obeliskos; 2) please (v) < ME plaise, plese < OF plaisir < L placere; 3) easy < ME < OF aisie; 4) character < ME caracter < OF caractere < L character < Gr kharakter; 5) poor < ME povere, pore < OF povre < L pauper; 6) averse < L aversus; 7)climate < (O)F climat or L clima, cllmat < Gr klima, klimat; 8) mania < ME < L mania < Gr mania; 9) hurricane < Sp huracan; 10) risk < F risque < It risco; \\)fate < It fato < L fatum; 12) dame <
(O)F damner < L damnare; 13) obese < L obesus; 14) tender < OF
tender < L tener; 15) gnosis < Gr gnosis; 16) alarm < ME < OF alarme < It allarme.

a — Celtic с — Scandinavian e — Greek g — Spanish i — German
b — Latin d — French f—Russian h — Italian

Model:

muzhik ... f

tobacco ... g

stroll...i

cup…, to cast..., anemia ..., samovar..., Avon ..., kindergarten…, banana..., law ..., government., violin ..., halt..., fellow..., London..., promenade ..., umbrella ..., criterion..., armada..., Exe ..., cosmonaut, anger ..., motto ..., power ..., candle ..., mosquito ..., waltz..., hormone ..., plant..., verst..., to take ..., nickel.., wall..., eponym..., Kilbride ..., guerilla..., poodle ..., lieutenant.., tornado ..., the Downs..., kvass ..., bandit..., interior..., restaurant…, tundra ..., gondola ..., anamnesis.

Model:muzhik, stroll

The word muzhik was borrowed from Russian in the 17^th century. The word stroll was borrowed from German in the 17^th century.

8. Match the translation borrowings on the left with the original phrases/ words on the right. State the origin of the latter.

Model:11 — h (Latin)

a)infra dignitatem b)Wunderkind c)попутчик d)el momento de la verdad e) circulus vitiosus f) колхоз g)словосочетание h) sub judice i) cela va sans dire j) cause célèbre k) prima-ballerina

1.the moment of truth

2. word-combination

3. below one's dignity

4. first dancer

5. that goes without saying

6. fellow-traveller

7. wonder child

8. vicious circle

9. famous case

10.collective farm

11.under consideration

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