• Гідрологія і Гідрометрія
• Господарське право
• Економіка будівництва
• Економіка природокористування
• Економічна теорія
• Земельне право
• Історія України
• Кримінально виконавче право
• Медична радіологія
• Методи аналізу
• Міжнародне приватне право
• Міжнародний маркетинг
• Основи екології
• Предмет Політологія
• Соціальне страхування
• Технічні засоби організації дорожнього руху
• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

Notes to the text

1. professorship – професорство

2. oscillator – осцилятор

3. differential equation – диференційне рівняння

4. applied mathematics – прикладна математика

5. rocket designer – конструктор ракет

6. plaque – дошка (настінна)

7. legacy – спадщина, спадок

Exercise 6. Answer the following questions:

1. When and where was M.Kravchuk born? 2. What education did M. Kravchuk get? 3. Why was he arrested? 4. What mathematical terms are associated with M. Kravchuk? 5. When did M. Kravchuk become academician? 6. What was his attitude to Ukrainian language? 7. Which of his works were used by John Atanasov? 8. What remarkable persons were among Kravchuk’s disciples and students? 9. Where were memorial plaques in his honour installed?

Exercise 7. Find English equivalents of Ukrainian word-combinations:

Видатний внесок, теорія імовірності, різні галузі математики, викладання математики, в такому ранньому віці, творець першого електронного комп’ютера, розв’язання диференційних рівнянь, пілотований космічний політ, поруч, меморіальна дошка.

Various branches of mathematics, solving differential equations, teaching of mathematics, remarkable contribution, side by side, creator of the first electronic computer, theory of probability, at such an early age, manned space flight, memorial plaque

Exercise 8. Make up statements choosing the right answer according to the text:

1. The creator of the first electronic computer Atanasov had used Kravchuk’s ideas in:

a) theory of probability;

b) theory of numbers;

c) theory of differential equations.

2. Serhiy Korolyov was:

a) designer of aircraft engines;

b) rocket designer;

c) helicopter designer.

3. Regular conferences in Kravchuk’s memory are held:

a) in Kyiv National University;

b) in Kyiv Polytechnic;

c) in All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences.

Exercise 9. Choose the right variant:Present Indefinite Passive or Present Continuous Passive.

1. Waiter, is my food ready? I am hungry. – It won’t be long, sir. It is cooked/ being cooked at the moment. 2. Is this bag plastic or leather? – It is made/ being made of the finest leather. 3. Where is your bicycle? – It is repaired/ being repaired. 4. Why are the children sent/ being sent to bed? – Because they’ve been naughty. 5. How are you all getting home from the airport? – We are met/ being met by my father. 6. Delicious fruit ice cream is sold/ being sold there now. 7. New children’s books are sold/ being sold in that shop very often. 8. The boy’s story about saving from drowning is always listened/ being listened with great interest. 9. They are taught/ being taught drawing at this lesson. Don’t bother them. 10. Two new engineers are introduced/ being introduced to the head of the department now.

Exercise 10. Choose the right variant: Past Indefinite Passive or Past Continuous Passive in the following sentences.

1. Many towns were destroyed/were being destroyed by the earthquake in Japan last year. 2. The helicopter was constructed/was being constructed in Russia. 3. He was thrown/was being thrown out of class for chatting. 4. The pop singers arrived at the airport and were welcomed/were being welcomed by thousands of fans. Flowers were thrown/were being thrown at them all the way to the exit. 5. The exposition was opened/was being opened when we drove up to the picture gallery. 6. He couldn’t go out as his suit and shirt were cleaned/were being cleaned. 7. When I came into the kitchen I smelt something delicious. My favourite cookies were baked/were being baked in the oven. 8. She watched television while dinner was prepared/was being prepared. 9. Their cousins were fined/were being fined for exceeding speed limit three days ago. 10. The policeman noticed that the suitcase was carried/was being carried by the porter in a very strange way.

Exercise 11. Translate into English:

1.Його зараз екзаменують. 2. Саме тоді будувалась ця школа. 3. ЇЇ екзаменували вже протягом 20 хвилин, коли я увійшла в кімнату. 4. Не заходьте в кімнату, її прибирають. 5. В мене було таке відчуття, що за мною хтось спостерігає. 6. Чому нічого ще не робиться? 7. Вам не можна заходити. В неї беруть інтерв’ю для телебачення. 8. Нам сказали зачекати, саме в цей час його опитували. 9. Ця книжка була написана багато років тому, але вона все ще читається з великим інтересом. 10. Ми не змогли відвідати музей тому, що в цей час він був на реконструкції.

Task III.Read and translate the text.

Text 6B

Yuri Kondratyuk and the Moon

In the field of cosmic research Ukraine’s contribution is represented by many well-known names among which of the first belongs to Yuri Vasylyovych Kondratyuk (Olexandr Shargey). The dramatic circumstances of his life made him live under the assumed name and world fame came to him many years after his death.

The time and place of his birth are known: June 21, 1897, Poltava. After finishing the 2^nd Poltava gymnasium he entered St. Petersburg University in 1916. In 1918-1925 he was working in Poltava, Kyiv and some smaller towns and since 1925 in the Northern Caucasus. In 1927 he moved to Novosibirsk where his occupation was designing elevating gears. In the 30s he worked in Kharkiv at the Ukrainian Research Institute of Industrial Energetics. He stood at the head of the group of scientists whose task was designing and constructing a huge wind-power station. Working in Moscow before the war he devoted much of his time to energetics problems. It is a well-known fact that in building the Ostankino teletower, specialists used Y. Kondratyuk’s workings out of reinforced towers construction and wind-power technique. The exact time of his death and his burial-place are unknown: early October 1941, or 1942, Kaluga district (he had been killed in action at the front).

Y. Kondratyuk is often referred to as Ukrainian Tsiolkovsky. It was Kondratyuk who suggested the idea of creating a base round the Moon and his idea was later realized in the Appolo Flight programme in 1969. This flight and landing the Moon would have been impossible without Y. Kondratyuk’s solving a number of problems: defining the optimal trajectory of cosmic flights, proving the theory of multi-stage space rockets, suggesting some metals and non-metals and their hydrogen compounds as rocket fuel.

This great scientist and engineer didn’t realize his gift and talent to the full. His memory is dear to us. A crater on the back side of the Moon was named after Yuri Kondratyuk.

In 1992 the National Cosmic Agency of Ukraine was established. It has worked out the cosmic program to further progress in cosmic studies and investigations.

Notes to the Text

1. сircumstances– обставини

2. assumed– вигаданий

3. Caucasus– Кавказ

4. elevating gear – підйомний механізм

5. reinforced– підсилений

6. to prove –доводити

7. multi-stage – багатоступеневий

Exercise 12. Translate into English:

внесок України, світова слава, переїхати до, на чолі групи, завдання, вітрова електростанція, присвятити багато часу, баштова конструкція, місце поховання, часто вважається, запропонувати ідею, висадка на Місяць, визначення оптимальної траєкторії, сполуки водню, дар, зворотня сторона Місяця, подальший прогрес

Exercise 13. Match the words (1-6) with their definition (a-f).

1. Оccupation a. very big

2. Research b. a job, employment

3. Construction c. consisting of a combination of two or more parts

4. Huge d. action or ceremony of putting a dead body into a grave

5. Burial e. the business or work of building

6. Compound f.advanced and detailed study of a subject, so as to learn

new facts, get additional information

Exercise 14. Give the comprehensive answers to these questions:

1. What dramatic facts of Yuri Kondratyuk’s biography do you know?

2. What is the contribution of Kondratyuk to world science?

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