II. Choose the right word to complete each of the sentences below

1. Snakes track their _______ by its scent.

a) victim b) prey c) predator d) casualty

2. Organic compounds are _______ by chemoheterotrophs as the source of carbon and energy.

a) applied b) exercised c) utilized d) taken

3. The ,ajority of psychrophilic bacteria are in the gram-negative ________ Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Achromobacter, and Alcaligenes.

a) genera b) species c) phyla d) families

4. Bacteria are so small that the details of their internal structure can be ________ only with the aid of the electron microscope.

a) watched b) viewed c) observed d) regarded

5. Unfortunately, fertilizers from surrounding farmland have reduced the ________ life.

a) river b) watery c) liquid d) aquatic

6. Certain ________ products of cells, called interferons, may have potential antiviral and anticancer properties.

a) prevalent b) natural c) common d) normal

7. The problem how viruses may cause disease or _________ the death of their host cells is discussed in the article.

a) bring about b) break through c) bring round d) bring up

8. Only in the 17^th century biologists began to realize that important insights could be ________ by comparative studies of all animals, including man.

a) obtained b) received c) acquired d) gained

9. Energy supplied by electrical storms and ultraviolet light may have _________ the atmospheric gases into their constituent elements, and organic molecules may have been formed when the elements recombined.

a) broken out b) brought down c) broken down d) brought up

10. Lysogenic conversion is _________ in bacteria and is an important aspect of the epidemiology of infectious diseases.

a) general b) common c) usual d) natural

11. The concept of causality, that was developed around 600 BC by Greek philosophers, had a _________ effect on subsequent scientific investigation.

a) significant b) substantial c) prominent d) profound

12. The primary taxonomic division of viruses into two classes: DNA viruses and RNA viruses is based on their nucleic acid _______.

a) content b) complex c) proportion d) combination

13. The Greek philosophers, for example, believed that the traits of individuals were _________ from contact with the environment and that such characteristics could be inherited by offspring.

a) obtained b) acquired c) imparted d) taken

14. Kidney stone disease _________ mostly men between 20 and 55.

a) contracts b) injures c) afflicts d) attacks

15. In his work Harvey demonstrated that the heart _________ passively and contracts actively.

a) stretches b) expands c) protracts d) enlarges

16. Much of the earliest recorded history of biology is _________ from bas-reliefs the Assyrians and Babylonians made of their cultivated plants and from carvings depicting their veterinary medicine.

a) received b) extracted c) found d) derived

17. There is a hypothesis that the eubacterial and archaebacterial lines diverged from a common ________ about the time that eukaryotic cells developed.

a) precursor b) forerunner c) prototype d) parent

18. Many spores can withstand boiling in water for 10 minutes, and spores in soil can ________ for tens, perhaps hundreds, of years.

a) survive b) sustain c) persist d) endure

19. ________ soil can contain millions of bacteria per gram.

a) fruitful b) productive c) resourceful d) fertile

20. Unlike true organisms, viruses cannot synthesize proteins, because of the ________ of ribosomes.

a) deficit b) lack c) need d) deficiency

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<== попередня сторінка	\|	наступна сторінка ==>
I. Translate the following sentences into English	\|	III. Reconstruct the text below putting the extracted fragments (1-10) into their correct places (a-j). Make a written translation of the text into Ukrainian

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