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Grammar: intransitive verbs

Some phrasal verbs are intransitive. They don't need an object after the verb, and we cannol put another word between different parts of the verb.

He grew up in a city. (= spent his childhood/developed into an adult) (NOT He grew

in a city up.)

Don't wait out there. Please come in. (= enter)

I'm going to stay in (= stay at home) this evening.

We set off (= started the journey; usually a long journey) at about 7.30.

В Grammar: transitive verbs

Many phrasal verbs are transitive: they need a direct object after the verb. You can usually put the object between the different parts of the verb, or after the phrasal verb.

Put on your shoes. / Turn on the TV. / Take off your coat. /

Put your shoes on. / Turn the TV on. У Take your coat off. У

If the object is a pronoun, it must go in the middle.

Put them on. / (Put on them.) Turn it on. J (Turn on it.) Take it off. У (Take off it,)

С In dictionaries

You can use a dictionary to check the grammar. Most dictionaries show it like this:

carry on, get by (= intransitive phrasal verb)

I can get by in French. (= I can manage in French, but I don't speak it well.)

put sth<—>on, throw sth<—>away (= transitive phrasal verb)

Did you throw those books away? (= get rid of them/put them in a rubbish bin)

Did you throw away those books?

get over sth, look after sb/sth (= verb + preposition + object)

Maria will look after (= take care of) the children. (Maria will look after them.)

D Style: formal or informal?

Most phrasal verbs are more common in spoken English. In written English there is often a more formal word with the same meaning. (The other words in bold are often used with these verbs.)

make sth up = invent/create sth (from your imagination), e.g. We had to make up a story, leave sth out = omit sth (= decide not to do sth), e.g. You can leave out question 7. sort sth out = solve sth (such as a problem), e.g. We asked the computer guy to sort it out. turn sb/sth down = reject sth (= say no to sth), e.g. I offered him £50, but he turned it down

Some phrasal verbs are used in written English if there is no other easy way to express the I meaning.

wake up, e.g. I always wake up early, even at weekends.

break down (= go wrong/stop working), e.g. The car broke down on the motorway.

take off (= leave the ground), e.g. The plane couldn't take off because of bad weather.

break into sth (= enter by force, often illegally), e.g. Thieves broke into the house and stole £500.

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