• Гідрологія і Гідрометрія
• Господарське право
• Економіка будівництва
• Економіка природокористування
• Економічна теорія
• Земельне право
• Історія України
• Кримінально виконавче право
• Медична радіологія
• Методи аналізу
• Міжнародне приватне право
• Міжнародний маркетинг
• Основи екології
• Предмет Політологія
• Соціальне страхування
• Технічні засоби організації дорожнього руху
• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

C. Grammar Expansion: Modal verbs: the past.

Modal verbs often have different forms to refer to past time depending on the meaning.

Study the examples: I had to visit the dentist. It must have been an awful experience.

Fill in the gaps by putting the concept expressed by the verb form in A into the past. Notice that in some cases a different form of the modal verb is needed, and in others a totally different verb:

1. A. He can ski really well. – B. He ______ really well when he was ten.

2. A. Tom can’t live here. – B. Shakespeare ___________ in that house, it wasn’t built until 1840.

3. A. You must try harder! – B. You ________work hard to pass your exam yesterday.

4. A. I can finish my work by Saturday, but it won’t be easy. – B. I ____________ by Saturday, but it wasn’t easy.

5. A. I must check the oil before we leave. – B. I _______ the oil before we left.

6. A. I could visit you next Saturday. – B. I _________ last Saturday but you didn’t invite me.

7. A. Let’s take the map. We may get lost. – B. I wonder where they are. They _______.

8. A. You should stop smoking before it’s too late. – B. You __________ smoking before it was too late.

9. A. It must be raining. Everyone has their umbrella up. – B. It ____________. The ground is wet.

10. A. My child may do whatever she wants. – B. My child __________ whatever she wanted when she was young.

Choose the correct modal verb in the following extract:

Your team must be / might be just forming / formed, or you may be / can be renewing your goals for the near future. You should / could have lost some members recently or have recruited new ones. The course on building a successful team may / might help you and will / must take you through the various stages of a team’s development.

V. Listening: “ Innovation Management”.

A. Visit http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0PtQBP4cdUE , find a special video report “Innovation Management”.

Watch the report and answer the questions below:

1. What is innovation?

2. Does innovation involve only new technologies?

3. What is innovation driven by?

4. What might appear to be destructive for innovation?

5. Name three spheres influenced by innovation.

6. What two dimensions does innovation cover?

7. What are the four Ps of innovation?

8. What is the major challenge of innovation management?

9. Describe the knowledge processes involved in innovation management.

10. What is the real essence of global innovation?

11. What competences make a successful innovation manager?

B. What are the most important innovations for you in your daily life? Think about the following areas:

· communication;

· transport;

· food;

· home entertainment;

· education;

· other.

What innovations would you most like to see in the areas above?

VI. Speaking

Читайте також:

1. A SIMPLE CONTEXT-FREE GRAMMAR
2. B. Antworten Sie auf die Frage, gebrauchen Sie dabei das Modalverb mit dem Infinitiv I Passiv.
3. B. Grammar Expansion: Participles (Participle I, Participle II) used as an attribute.
4. B. Translate into Russian paying attention to the modals verbs. Identify the meanings of these modal verbs.
5. C. Grammar Expansion: Modal verbs
6. C. Grammar Expansion: Modals verbs of certainty, probability, possibility
7. Combating Smuggling. Grammar: Phrasal Verbs
8. Customs’ IPR Enforcement. Grammar: PhrasalVerbs
9. D. Grammar Expansion: Suppositional meaning: Can, Could
10. D. Grammar Expansion: The Gerund: its forms and functions.
11. Das Modalwort

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