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OLD ENGLISH NOUN SYSTEM

The categories of noun:

1. Number (gram category) –Singular (Sg) and Plural (Pl).

2. Gender –Masculine (M), Feminine (F), Neuter (N).

3. Case (gram category) –Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative.

Nominative – the case of the active agent, case of the subject mainly used with verbs denoting activity; could also indicate the subject characterised by a certain quality or state; as a predicative; as the case of address)

Genitive – the case of nouns and pronouns serving as attributives to other nouns; Subjective (meaning of origin) and Objective (partitive meaning) Gen.

Dative – the chief case used with prepositions, used as indirect personal object; instrument (indirect/prepositional object).

Accusative – indicated a relationship to a verb. As a direct object it denoted the recipient of an action, the result of it or other meanings. To indicate time & distance (adverbial meanings). (direct/prepositionless object)

The main peculiarities of OE cases:

1. Nom and Acc were coinside;

2. Dat pl ended in ‘-um’;

3. Gen pl always had ‘-a’.

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