Vocabulary notes

within something – в межах/ всередині чогось

either…or… - або... або...

neither…nor… - (а)ні... (а)ні...

from one’s point of view – з (чиєїсь) точки зору

III. Use the phrases from the vocabulary notes in the sentences of your own

IV. Make up 6-7 questions about the text “The Protista” and ask them to your fellow students

V. Finish the sentences below using the information from the text

Several centuries back scientists used to classify all living organisms…

It was Ernst Haeckel who…

A four-kingdom classification of life was…

According to Whittaker, the superficial resemblance of fungi to plants...

Some protists, such as seaweeds,…

Depending on the mode of nutrition the protists…

The invention of the electronic microscope…

Scientists began to understand evolutionary relationships among classes of living forms better…

VI. Look for the synonyms of the following words in the text “The Protista”

1) proposition, suggestion; 2) first, prime; 3) reappraisal, reevaluation; 4) taking in, inhausting; 5) use, apply; 6) construct, establish, set up; 7) enlarge, extend; 8) considerable, significant, serious; 9) strong, deep, intense.

VII. Use the words from the previous exercise to fill in the gaps in the sentences below

1. William Harvey demonstrated that the heart _______ passively and contracts actively.

2. The first lighthouse was _______ on the island in 1912.

3. Human activity has recently had a _______ effect on the environment

4. While many exobiologists do stress that the enormously heterogeneous nature of Earth life foregrounds even greater variety in space, others point out that convergent evolution dictates _______ similarities between Earth and off-Earth life.

5. You need to make a _______ of your approach to the problem and start everything anew.

6. There are a lot of contradictory hypotheses concerning the origin of _______ life.

7. Microvilli on the surface of epithelial cells function to increase the cell's surface area, facilitating the _______ of vital molecules through the membrane.

8. They forwarded a list of _______ for the safe disposal of nuclear waste.

9. A French naturalist Georges Cuvier _______ large collections of biological specimens sent to him from all over the world to work out a systematic organization of the animal kingdom.

VIII. Read the sentences below and explain how the meanings of the underlined words change in different contexts. Make up your own sentences using these words in different meanings

COMMON

1. Robert H. Whittaker rejected the common belief that the superficial resemblance of fungi to plants, with their non-motile habit and cell-walls, made them true plants.

2. Heart disease is one of the commonest causes of death.

3. He insisted that he was a revolutionary not a common criminal.

4. Students and faculty are working toward a common goal.

5. Many of the more common forms of cancer can be treated successfully if detected early.

6. It's becoming more and more common for women to keep their family name when they marry.

7. Monkeys and apes are so similar that it is reasonable to say they have a common ancestor.

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II. Read the following text paying attention to the highlighted words. Explain or interpret the contextual meaning of the underlined phrases	\|	OBSERVE

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