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Vocabulary notes

accompanied by – у супроводі/що супроводжується

develop into – розвинутися у

drop/fall off - відпадати

give rise to – давати поштовх до/призводити до зростання

III. Match two halves of the sentences. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian

IV. Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the text

1. The major characteristic feature of vascular plants is the presence of xylem and phloem.

2. Phloem is a complex tissue in vascular plants which functions chiefly in conduction of water and dissolved minerals.

3. Each vascular plant comprises a root, a stem, leaves and flowers.

4. Gymnosperms can be further divided into two subgroups: dicots and monocots.

5. Botanists distinguish between several types of root systems in vascular plants.

6. Both fibrous and taproot systems often serve as food-storing organs.

7. Root hairs are tiny extensions which contribute to a more efficient absorption of water and minerals from the soil.

8. Leaves are the only organs in plants capable of photosynthesis.

9. Bud scales are special structures that form the protective sheath of a plant bud.

10. Cuticle is a thin continuous fatty or waxy film on the external surface of many higher plants.

V. Make up 6-7 questions about the text “Vascular Plants” and ask them to your partner

VI. Look for the words with the following meanings in the text “Vascular Plants”

1) having something as your own;

2) trees or shrubs of the beech family that produce acorns and are known for their hard, tough and durable wood;

3) standing out or projecting beyond a surface or line, readily noticeable, conspicuous, or widely known;

4) notable by reason of extreme size, power, greatness, or excellence;

5) to keep someone or something safe from harm, damage, or illness;

6) to rub against a rough surface in a way that causes slight damage or injury;

7) to go through, to experience or endure;

8) furthest from the middle;

9) something or someone that is not included in a general statement or does not follow a rule or pattern.

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