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Grammar: Conditional sentence (3)

Study this example situation:

Last month Gary was in hospital for a few days. Rachel didn't know this, so she didn't go to visit him. They met a few days ago. Rachel said:

If I had known you were in hospital, I would have gone to see you.

Rachel said: If I had known you were in hospital .... This tells us that she didn't know he was in hospital.

We use if + had + verb 3 ... to talk about the past (if I had known/been/done etc.):

I didn't see you when you passed me in the street. If I'd seen you, of course I would have said hello, (but I didn't see you)

I decided to stay at home last night. I would have gone out if I hadn't been so tired, (but I was tired)

If he had been looking where he was going, he wouldn't have walked into the wall.

(but he wasn't looking)

The view was wonderful. If I'd had a camera with me, I would have taken some

photographs, (but I didn't have a camera)

Compare:

I'm not hungry. If I was hungry, I would eat something, (now)

I wasn't hungry. If I had been hungry, I would have eaten something, (past)

Do not use would in the if part of the sentence. We use would in the other part of the sentence:

If I had seen you, I would have said hello, (not If I would have seen you)

Note that 'd can be would or had:

П If I'd seen you, (I'd seen = I had seen)

I'd have said hello. (I'd have said = I would have said)

We use had (done) in the same way after wish. I wish something had happened = I am sorry that it didn't happen:

I wish I'd known that Gary was ill. I would have gone to see him. (but I didn't know)

I feel sick. I wish I hadn't eaten so much cake. (I ate too much cake)

Do you wish you had studied science instead of languages? (you didn't study science)

Do not use would have ... after wish:

The weather was cold while we were away. I wish it had been warmer, (not! wish it would have been)

Compare would (do) and would have (done):

If I had gone to the party last night, I would be tired now. (I am not tired now – present)

If I had gone to the party last night, I would have met lots of people. (I didn't meet lots of people - past)

Compare would have, could have and might have:

we would have gone out. we could have gone out.

If the weather hadn't been so bad, \ (= we would have been able to go out)

we might have gone out.

(= perhaps we would have gone out)

Exercises:

Читайте також:

1. A COMPOSITE SENTENCE
2. A) Practise using the words and word combinations in bold type to make other comparisons between some two-four regions of Russia. Write your best sentences down.
3. A. You will hear a manager interviewing a person for a job. Listen out for these verbs, and then use them to complete sentences 1-5.
4. And write your own sentences with the same words and phrases.
5. Are the following sentences true or false? If false, say why.
6. Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false sentences.
7. Are the sentences true or false?
8. Ask all the possible questions to the following sentences
9. B) Find 5 sentences in the text with the given word-combinations.
10. B) Make up sentences with the word-groups you have translated.
11. B) Use some of the word combinations from the box and make 5 sentences to describe the trial procedure.
12. B. Complex Sentence

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