• Гідрологія і Гідрометрія
• Господарське право
• Економіка будівництва
• Економіка природокористування
• Економічна теорія
• Земельне право
• Історія України
• Кримінально виконавче право
• Медична радіологія
• Методи аналізу
• Міжнародне приватне право
• Міжнародний маркетинг
• Основи екології
• Предмет Політологія
• Соціальне страхування
• Технічні засоби організації дорожнього руху
• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

III. Make up a plan of the text.

IV. Translate the paragraph in italics in a written form.

V. Questions for discussion:

1. What was the starting point for the future development of shoe sewing machines?
2. What were the barriers to applying the sewing machine to shoemaking?
3. What aspects were decisive for shoe machine invention?
4. Who designed the first successful leather-stitching machine?
5. Who invented the first sewing machine?
6. How did Nichkols adapt Singer’s machine to shoe stitching?
7. What was Singer’s reaction to Nichols’s efforts?
8. What thread had to be used for heavier leathers?
9. What did William Wickersham introduce in 1853? How did his invention work?
10. What was significant about the machine introduced by Wickersham?

VI. Render the text in brief in a written form.

Text C

I. Mind the following words and word-combinations:

1. leather-dressing machine – машина для обробки шкіри
2. defurring – видалення волосся, гоління
3. turn-of-the-century – початок 20 століття
4. to perfect – вдосконалювати, покращувати
5. facility – обладнання
6. pasting – проклейка
7. pricking – проколювання
8. “dart” needle – голка для зметування
9. sole-laying machine – машина для кріплення підошви

II. Listen to the text “MOTHERS OF INVENTION” and decide if the statements are true or false:

1. In 1884 Cecile Puech of Mazamet received a US patent for a leather-dressing machine.
2. The Literary Digest’s turn-of-the-century article “Women as Inventors” said about Cecile Puech as “a woman who has just perfected a valuable apparatus for removing wool from skins by electricity, showing that women are quick to adapt the modern facilities of the age to practical purpose…”
3. Women are rarely connected with footwear industry.
4. Mary A. C. Holmes patented three improvements in machines for channeling and pricking the soles of boots and shoes.
5. Margaret Knight invented at least 14 sole-cutting machines.

III. Listen to the text again and be ready to answer the questions:

1. What women in shoemaking have you heard about?

2. What was said in the Literary Digest’s turn-of-the-century article “Women as Inventors”? Who was the article about?

UNIT XV

CAD\CAM IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

TEXT A

I. Read and remember the words and their translation:

1. to design – конструювати
2. to grade – сортувати
3. logo – логотип, фірмова символіка
4. to reinforce – підкріплювати, підсилювати
5. to brand – клеймувати
6. to reduce – скорочувати
7. to scan – сканувати
8. enormously – дуже
9. a sketch – креслення
10. to eliminate –усувати, виключати

II. Read and remember the following phrases:

1. CAD (computer aided design) – автоматизоване проектування (САПР)
2. CAM (computer aided manufacturing) – автоматизоване виробництво
3. to be introduced – (тут) бути використаним
4. to be incorporated into – бути поєднаним в
5. routine procedures – стандартні процеси
6. to cut time – скорочувати час
7. a designer’s creativity – творчість конструктора
8. highly accurate calculations – високоточні обчислювання
9. a detailed documentation – докладна документація
10. an effective staff training –ефективна підготовка персоналу

III. Read and translate the following text:

Читайте також:

1. Ask ten questions to the text so that the answers became the retelling of the text.
2. Complete with the words from the text. Translate them into Ukrainian.
3. Context.
4. Give a short summary of the text.
5. II. Regard the suffixes enlisted below. What parts of speech are formed by means of these suffixes? Find the words containing such suffixes in the text. What do they mean?
6. III Make up a plan of the text.
7. III Make up a plan of the text.
8. III Make up a plan of the text.
9. III Make up a plan of the text.
10. III Make up a plan of the text.
11. III Make up a plan of the text.
12. III Make up a plan of the text.

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