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Scanning practice

18.6.1. Read the questions. Be sure you've got them well in mind.

1. Whom did the police arrest in connection with the killing?

2. Why did the police free him three months later?

3. What does the test involve?

4. What does the DNA form?

5. How much time and money does test take?

18.6.2. Start scanning the text. Don't fail to note your time.

DNA prints

(A foolproof crime test)

Dawn Ashworth, 15, left a friend's house last July to walk to her home in Enderby, a village in England's East Midlands. She never made it. Two days later her body was found; she had been raped and strangled. Soon after, police arrested a 17-year-old youth in connection with that killing and an earlier, similar murder.

But three months later, convinced that the suspect was innocent of both crimes, the police freed him. How could they be so sure? By using the new technique of DNA fingerprinting they had proved that man was innocent. This month the police began using the test on blood from 2,000 Midlands men, hoping that if one of them is guilty, his DNA print will give him away.

The test involves comparing the DNA of blood or hair roots found at the scene with the DNA of a suspect. What makes it foolproof is that no two people (other than identical twins) have the same genetic characteristics. While considering this fact in 1983, Alee Jeffrets, a geneticist at the University of Leicester in England, realized it might be the basis for an important new tool in criminal investigations. The DNA from each individu­al, he found, formed a unique pattern — in effect a DNA fingerprint.

In the Midlands case, Jeffreys established that the DNA pattern of the 17-year-old suspect did not match those obtained during the murder investigations. The patterns of each of the 2,000 Midlands men will undergo similar scrutiny. But that may take a while. Each test involves a complicated series of steps over a period of 2 1 /2 weeks. Still, Jeffreys believes, with further refinements, and despite $ 300 price tag, the test will more than pay for itself in criminal investigations.

(«Moscow News» from «Times»)

(309 words)

Note: DNA—deoxyribonucleic acid—ДНК— дезоксирибонуклеиновая кислота, (носитель генетической информации)

18.6.3. Answer the questions in 18.6.1. (Books closed.)

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